AIT
Questions about the lecture 'Advanced Internet Technology' of the RWTH Aachen
Questions about the lecture 'Advanced Internet Technology' of the RWTH Aachen
Set of flashcards Details
| Summary | This flashcard set delves into advanced topics in computer science, specifically focusing on network architectures, protocols, and technologies like SDN, NFV, and OpenFlow. It covers key concepts such as data plane and control plane separation, routing protocols, and the characteristics of various network functions and services. Ideal for university students and professionals, this flashcard set provides a comprehensive overview of modern networking paradigms and their applications, helping learners understand the intricacies of network design and management. |
|---|---|
| Flashcards | 236 |
| Students | 3 |
| Language | English |
| Category | Computer Science |
| Level | University |
| Created / Updated | 05.02.2017 / 10.10.2017 |
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What are possible commands to switches in OpenFlow? [3]
1. (Un)install rules
2. Query stats
3. Send packets
What are possible applications of OpenFlow? [8]
1. Dynamic access control
2. Seamless mobility/migration
3. Server load balancing
4. Network virtualization
5. Using multiple wireless access points
6. Energy-efficient networking
7. Adaptive traffic monitoring
8. DoS attack detection
What are the characteristics of OpenFlow in the wild? [4]
1. Open networking foundations
2. Commercial OpenFlow switches
3. Network operating systems
4. Network deployments
How does the realistic network looks like regarding the gateways?
Realistic networks are bundled with middle-boxes at gateways
Name some examples for middle-boxes? [6]
1. Firewall 2. Caching proxy 3. Intrusion detection 4. Load balancer 5. SSL gateway and 6. WLAN optimizer
What are the functions for middle-boxes? [4]
1. Update
2. Vendor interaction
3. Monitoring
4. Training
What are the disadvantage of middle-boxes? [5]
1. Expensive equipment
2. Vendor lock-in
3. Single point of failure
4. All packets are processed
5. Launching new services takes long
What is the concept of network functions virtualization (NFV)? [4]
1. Minimize dependences on HW constraints for more flexible network
2. Introduce SW-based network functions
3. Easy to maintain
4. Decoupling from HW life-cycles
What are the characteristics of the ETSI NFV industry specification group? [3]
1. Launched 11.2012
2. 230 companies
3. 37 major service provider
Name use cases of ETSI NFV? [13]
1. Switches
2. Mobile network nodes
3. Home networks
4. Tunneling gateway elements
5. Traffic analysis
6. Service assurance
7. NGN signaling
8. Application-level optimization
9. Security functions
10. BGP route reflectors
11. NFV in LTE
12. Virtualizing of home environment
13. ErrDapt
What is the up-to-date situation regarding the ETSI NFV use case BGP route reflectors?
On high memory hardware
What should be the next situation regarding the ETSI NFV use case BGP route reflectors?
Move route reflectors into data centers
What would be the benefits of ETSI NFV use case BGP route reflectors? [2]
1. Scalability // RIB
2. Operational responsibilities for critical applications
What is the up-to-date situation regarding the ETSI NFV use case NFV in LTE?
Inflexible network management
What should be the next situation regarding the ETSI NFV use case NFV in LTE?
Virtualize packet core and eNB
What are the characteristics of ClickOS? [5]
1. 5MB Xen-based virtual machine
2. Lego for network architects
3. Boots in 30ms
4. Achieves 10GBps tput on single core
5. Lots of possible middle-boxes
What are the characteristics of open-source reference platform (OPNFV)? [4]
1. Demonstrates core NFV functionality
2. Establish open ecosystem for NFV solutions
3. Industry driven
4. Collaboration with ETSI NFV
What is the purpose of REFLEXES?
Cyber-physical networking as smart production or grids
What are the characteristics of time delay regarding REFLEXES? [7]
1. Latency deteriorates performance
2. From sensors
3. To actuators
4. Over controller
5. Over communication network consists of switches
6. Time between elements (horizontally)
7. Time used by elements (vertically)
What are the principles of REFLEXES? [3]
1. Define coupled deterministic rules for control and communication tasks (So-called reflexes) reducing vertical time
2. Derive simple sub-tasks and return faster reducing horizontal time
3. Forward important information to other elements
What paradigms exist?
The P2P and Client/Server paradigms
What are the characteristics of the Research Network APRANET? [4]
1. Based on P2P paradigm
2. “Connection of independent nodes, which can operate in case of connection/node failures.”
3. Immediate mutual login (telnet) and file sharing (FTP)
4. “project study fault-tolerant packet network”
What happened 1962?
Department of Defense (DoD) with “National defense depends on communication”
What happened 1967?
DoD at Stanford Research Institute with Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA)
What happened 1969?
The first Internet with four hosts
What happened 1971? [2]
1. Initiation of APRANET (first Internet backbone)
2. Development of eMail // Human human interaction
What happened 1974?
Development of new protocol family TCP/IP
What are the characteristics of the Public and Commercial Network? [2]
1. Silent move to Client/Server paradigm
2. Continuous increase of bandwidth and users
What are examples for servers? [11]
1. DNS
2. eMail
3. Web
4. FTP
5. Gaming
6. Database
7. DHCP
8. News
9. File
10. Time
11. Backup
What happened 1991?
Development of World Wide Web (www) // Human machine interaction
What are the characteristics of the Global Information Network? [3]
1. Continuous increase of users, bandwidth and computing power after “.com”-crash
2. From Client/Server back to P2P
3. Increase of hosts from >2mio (1982) to <1mia (2015)
What are the characteristics of the Future Network? [2]
1. Prediction is that all segments consume twice as much Petabytes/month in five years
2. New technologies have to be adapted
What are examples for new technologies? [6]
1. Ubiquitous Computing
2. Sensor-based Networks
3. Internet of things (IoT) // Context-awareness necessary
4. P2P systems
5. Cloud computing // Computing resources on demand
6. Software defined networking // Highly configurable networks
What are examples for Future Networks? [5]
1. Home Automation
2. Smart Cities
3. Industrial Automation
4. Car Networks
5. Body Networks
What are the challenges for Future Networks? [7]
1. Scalability, 2. reliability, 3. adaptability, 4. performance, 5. mobility, 6. security and 7. privacy
What are the disadvantages of the Client/Server paradigm? [6]
1. traffic load is concentrated on server which is a asymmetrical traffic flow
2. memory and cpu not sufficient for number of users
3. a server is a single point of failure // no fault tolerance
4. only optimized for wired, powerful hosts
5. Missing extensibility of the network for new specialized services
6. Internet Service Provider (ISP) prohibit changes
What are the advantages of the P2P paradigm?
1. File sharing, distributed computing
2. Optimized for devices with restricted resources
What causes failures of DNS or HLR servers?
Hardware/software problems, overload (9.11) and attacks
Who relies on availability?
Internet-based services and businesses
What is the disadvantage of new paradigms?
The old protocols (e.g. TCP can not deal with disruptive connections)
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