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Flashcards
What does phonetics study?
Study of the sounds of speech, how sound is produced.
What does phonology study?
Study of language structure and systems (in particular language).
articulatory phonetics
Describes how sound is produced.
phonotactic constraints
language specific combination of sounds
accent
pronounciation is not identical to the pronounciation of a native speaker
constituent structures
particular grouping of words
constituent
group of words that form a phrase in a sentence
syntactic ambiguities
sentence can have more than one meaning
semantic ambiguities
double meaning of a word or a phrase
inflection
modification of the word to express different grammatical categories
lexeme
unit of the lexical meaning that remains, regardless of the number of inflectional endings
carries the meaning of a term
run, runs, running, ran
homonymy
same pronounciation but different meanings
(bank: Bank, bank: Finanzinstitut)
lexical field
field of words with the same topic
(laugh, smile, grin, giggle) --> related words
quantifier ambiguity
sentences containing 2 quantified expression are often ambiguous
a boy kissed every girl
negation ambiguity
ambiguity caused by negation
semantics <--> pragmatics
semantics: form of words. Grammatical conventions in a language.
pragmatics: interpretation of signs and symbols and their meaning in context
phone
phoneme
allophone
phone: speech sounds, pronounciation of a specific letter
phoneme: smallest speech sound that has a linguistic value in a word (For example 'mat' and 'bat'.)
allophone: variations of phonemes ([pʰ] (as in pin) and [p] (as in spin) are allophones of the phoneme /p/.)
