Physiology of Exercise
Chapter 3: Neurological Control of Exercising Muscle
Chapter 3: Neurological Control of Exercising Muscle
Kartei Details
| Karten | 54 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | English |
| Kategorie | Physik |
| Stufe | Universität |
| Erstellt / Aktualisiert | 03.09.2016 / 03.09.2016 |
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Two Major Divisions of PNS
Sensory Division
Motor Division
Sensory Division
continuously convey info to CNS concerning body’s constantly changing status, position and internal/external environment
Receives info from five primary types of receptors
Sensory Dividion of PNS receives info from what five primary types of receptors
- Mechanoreceptors: respond to mechanical forces such as pressure, touch, vibrations, or stretch
- Thermoreceptors: responds to changes in temperature
- Nociceptors: respond to painful stimuli
- Photoreceptors: respond to electromagnetic radiation (light) to allow vision
- Chemoreceptors: respond to chemical stimuli, from food, odors, change in blood or tissue concentrations of substances like oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose and electrolytes
Motor Dividion of PNS
Once CNS processed info receives from sensory division, it determines how body should respond to input.
Autonomic Nervous System
- Controls the body’s involuntary internal functions (heart rate, blood pressure, lung function)
Two Major Divisions of autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic Nervous System
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Sympathetic Nervous System
Fight or Flight
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Rest & Digest
Causes decresed heart rate, constriction of coronary vessels, and bronchoconstriction
Sensory-Motor Integration
- Sensory stimulus is received by sensory receptors
- Sensory action potential is transmitted along sensory neurons to CNS
- CNS interprets the info and determines which response if most appropriate or reflexively initiates a motor response
- The AP for response are transmitted from CNS along a-motor neurons
- The motor AP is transmitted to a muscle, and response occurs
Motor Reflex
preprogrammed response
Muscle Spindle
- group of specialized muscle fibers found between regular skeletal muscle fibers referred to as extrafusal (outside the spindle)
- Consists of 4-20 small specialized intrafusal (inside the spindle) fibers and the nerve ending, sensory and motor associated with these fibers
y-motor neurons (gamma motor neurons)
control intrafusal fibers
a-motor neurons control by
extrafusal fibers
Golgi Tendon Organs
- Encapsulated sensory receptors through which a small bundles of muscle tendon fibers pass
- Trigger a reflex that inhibits contraction if tendon fibers are stretched from high muscle tension
