Set of flashcards Physio Final Exam (Page 9 of 12)

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Level	University
Created / Updated	23.11.2016 / 25.08.2019
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12. The following parts of central nervous system contribute to motor control:

A. Occipital lobes, hypothalamus, extrapyramidal system, cerebellum

B. Hypothalamus, extrapyramidal system, cerebellum, vestibular apparatus

C. Extrapyramidal system, cerebellum, motoric cortex

D. Cerebellum, pyramidal tracts, limbic system, motoric cortex

15. Somatosensory neural pathways cross the midline of the body:

A. At the level of spinal cord for pain pathways and temperature pathways

B. At the level of medulla for pain pathways and temperature pathways

C. At the level of medulla for proprioception pathways

D. A and C are correct

17. Neurotransmitter within the ANS:

A. Acetylcholine is released by sympathetic and parasympathetic preganglionic neurons onto nicotinic receptors

B. Norepinephrine is released onto adrenergic reception by postganglionic sympathetic neurons

C. Acetylcholine is released by postganglionic parasympathetic neurons onto muscarinic receptors

D. All answers are correct

19. Cholinergic division of the autonomic nervous system includes:

A. All sympathetic postganglionic neurons

B. Sympathetic postganglionic neurons innervating sweat glands

C. All (sympathetic and parasympathetic) preganglionic neurons

D. Answers B and C are correct

23. Activation of parasympathetic nervous system:

A. Stimulates GI tract motility and secretions

B. Inhibtis GI tract motility and secretion

C. Inhibits GI tract motility and stimulates secretion

D. Stimulates GI tract motility and inhibits secretion

26. Divergence within the ANS causes that:

A. Each postganglionic neuron may innervate only one target issue

B. A single signal from the central system can affect a large number of targets simultaneously

C. Divergence does not take place within the ANS

D. Divergence take place only within the sympathetic branch for the flight or fight response

27. Choose incorrect sentence:

A. Sympathetic stimulation increases heart rate

B. Parasympathetic stimulation dilates the pupil

C. Parasympathetic stimulation increases activity of the gastrointestinal tract

D. Sympathetic stimulation increases force of heart contraction

28. Which of the following statements concerning memory processing in the brain is correct?

A. The brain forms positive memory through the facilitation of synaptic circuits but is unable to form negative memory by learning to ignore irrelevant information

B. No morphological or structural changes occur in the process of long term memory formation

C. It appears that rehearsal and repetition of information are not advantageous in converting of short term memory to long term memory

D: Lesions involving the hippocampus cause a profound deficit in short term memory

32. Which statement about hemostatic is NOT correct?

A. Positive feedback rapidly increases the amount of activating clotting factors

B. The intrinsic mechanisms occur in response to tissue damage

C. During clotting blood cells and platelets are trapped in a mesh of protein fibers

D. The extrinsic mechanism is initiated by tissue factor (Thromboplastin) released by damaged tisse

35. As the receptor potential rises higher above threshold,which of the following best characterizes the new frequencyof action potentials?

A. Decreased

B. Increased

C. Unchanged

D. Its amplitude increases

36. The Trigger zone in the neuron(at axon hillock):

A. Is characterized by lower concentration of voltage-gated NA channles

B. Is characterized by high concentration of voltage gated K channels

C. Is characterized by high concentration of voltage gated NA channles

D. Is characterized by high concentration of voltage gated Ca channels

41. Which of the reflexes best describes signals from Ia sensory fibers that stimulates muscle activation in the ipsilateral limb and at the same time inhibit antagonistic muscle in the contralateral limb?

A. Crossed extensor reflex

B. Autogenic inhibition

C. Reciprocal inhibition

D. Flexion reflex

44. Which of the following statements about sleep is correct?

A. Heart rate and respiratory rate typically become very regular during REM sleep

B. Individuals rarely awake spontaneously from REM sleep

C. Although fast - wave sleep is frequently referred as dreamless sleep, dreams occur at this time

D. Muscle tone throughout the body is markedly suppressed during REM sleep

45. The ability to detect two points simultaneously applied to the skin is based on which of the following physiological meachanism?

A. Feed-forward inhibition

B. Feedback inhibition

C. Lateral inhibition

D. Presynaptic inhibition

50. Control center of body temperature is in:

A. Pituitary

B. Pineal gland

C. Hypothalamus

D. Cerebral cortex

51. Which one of the following statements concerning sensory neurons or their functional properties is true?

A. All sensory fibers are unmyelinated

B. In temporal summation, increased stimulus strength is signaled by decreasing the frequency of action potentials in the sensory fibers

C. In spatial summation, increasing signal strength is transmitted by using progressively greater number of sensory fibers

D. Increased stimulus intensity is signaled by a progressive decrease in receptor potential

52. Which event best represents a nonspecific mechanismof an inflammatory reaction following the entry of bacteriathrough a break in the skin?

A. The activation of B lymphocytes to produce specific antibodies

B. Histamine vasodilatation and increase capillary permeability

C. Phagocytosis by neutrophils and macrophages; and the activation of the complement proteins

D. Chemotaxis and diapedesis of new phagocytes to the infected area

55. Which of the following statements regarding the twotypes of deafness is correct?

A. An audiogram of a person with nerve deafness shows much greater loss of bone conduction than air conduction of sound

B. Conduction deafness occurs when the cochlea or cochlear nerve is impaired

C. Nerve deafness occurs when physical structures that conduct the sound into the cochlea are impaired

D. An audiogram of a person with conduction deafness shows much greater loss of air conduction than bone conduction of sound

56. An unclothed person sitting inside at normal roomtemperature loses the most heat by which of the following mechanisms?

A. Conduction

B. Convection

C. Evaporation

D. Radiation

60. IF enough muscle fibres contracts to make the muscle as a whole shorten in length, the muscle is said exhibit:

A. Isotonic contraction

B. Graded contraction

C. Isometric contraction

D. Complete tetanus

59. 3. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is:

A. The total energy expenditure

B. The specific dynamic action of foods

C. A measure of energy requirement to maintain the function of the vital systems of the body

D. The ration of the volume of CO2 produced to the volume 02 produced

Nonevaporative mechanisms of heat loss involve:

a. Radiation, evaporation, conduction

b. Convection, radiation, evaporation

c. Convection, radiation, conduction

d. Conduction, convection, evaporation

51. Romberg test is used to:

a. evaluate balance (cerebellum function)

b. evaluate auditory system

c. evaluate renal function

d. none of the above mentioned answers is correct

Damage of which the following brain regions leads to inability to recall long-term memories from past?

a. Hippocampus

b. Thalamus

c. Amygdaloid complex

d. Mammillary nuclei of the hypothalamus

Which sequence below accurately describes the flow of signals liking the basal ganglia to other parts of brain?

a. Cerebral cortex – caudate – globus pallidus – thalamus

b. Thalamus – putamen – cerebral cortex – globus pallidus

c. Putamen – caudate – thalamus – cerebral cortex – globus pallidus

d. Cerebral cortex – thalamus – caudate – globus pallidus

Which portion of the cerebellum function in the planning of sequential movements?

a. Vermis and fastigal nucleus

b. Intermediate zone and fastigal nucleus

c. Cerbrocerebellum and dentate nucleus

d. Lateral hemisphere and interposed nucleus

Which component of the basal ganglia plays the major role in the control of cognitive (memory- guided) motor activity?

a. Substantia nigra

b. Caudate nucleus

c. Putamen

d. Subthalamic nucleus

1. Which of the following disorders is characterized by the inability to comprehend language or speak fluently with meaning?

A. Broca's aphasia

B. Global aphasia

C. Wernike's aphasia

Which of the following events prompts the auditory system to interpret a sound as a loud?

a. Fewer inner hair cells become stimulated

b. Fewer outer hair cells become stimulated

c. Amplitude of vibration of the basilar membrane decrease

d. Amplitude of vibration of the basilar membrane increase

Which lobe of the cerebral cortex contains the small bilateral cortical area that controls voluntary fixation movements?

a. Limbic

b. Frontal

c. Parietal

d. Temporal

For eye to adapt to intense light, which of the following may occur?

a. Level of rhodopsin is very high

b. Photochemicals in both rods and cones are reduced to retinal and opsin

c. Pupil size increases

d. Vitamin A converts into retinal

The stereocilla of hair cells are embedded in which membrane?

a. Basilar

b. Tympanic

c. Tectorial

d. Vestibular

Olfactory receptor cells belong to which of the following groups of cells?

a. Multipolarneurons

b. Pseudounipolar neurons

c. Modifie epithelial cells

d. Bipolar neurons

Which of the following statement regarding the transmission of tast information from the tongue to the cerebral cortex is correct?

a. The nerve fibers carryng taste information from the tounge have no synapse in the brain stem.

b. The majority of thalamic neurons in the taste pathway synapse in the occipital

c. The thalamic nucleus involved in the taste pathway is the dosal medial nucleus

d. The nerve fibers carrying taste information from the tongue have no synapse in the solitary nucleus.

When parallel rays through a concave lens, which of the following occurs?

a. They diverge away from each other

b. They converge away from each other

c. They refract to one focal point

d. They maintain their parallel relationship

7. Rods :

a. are more numerous in retina

b. are located in fovea

c. are responsible for coloured vision

d. all above are false

6. When the size of the secondary receptive field is big, the sensitivity of an area to a stimulus is

a. big

b. small

c. the same when the size is small

D. all above are

5. During accommodation to near vision lens :

a. is rounded

b. cilliary muscle is relaxed

c. zonulas are relaxed

D. A and C

4. Presbyopia is :

a. the loose of accommodation

b.corrected with a convex lenses

c. corrected with a concave lenses

d. a and b

3. Occipital lobe processes :

a. visual information

b. hearing

c. taste

d.smell

Physio Final Exam

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