History of WWI and WWII
20th Century
20th Century
Kartei Details
| Karten | 112 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | English |
| Kategorie | Geschichte |
| Stufe | Grundschule |
| Erstellt / Aktualisiert | 11.09.2013 / 19.09.2013 |
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What single event triggered world war I?
The assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife in Sarajevo, Bosnia, 28 June 1914
Who were the Bolsheviks?
originally in 1903 a faction led by Lenin within the Russian Social Democratic Party.
Over time, they became a separate party and let the October 1917 Revolution in Russia.
Bolshevik became used as shorthand to refer to the Soviet Government and communists in general
What was a U-boat?
A german submarine
What was the fourteen points?
A speech made by American president Woodrow Wilson on 8 January 1918 in which he set out his vision of the post world war. It included references to open diplomacy, self-determination, and a post-war international organisation
What was the League of Nations and what was its purpose?
an international organisation established in 1919 by the peace treaties that ended the First World War. Its purpose was to promote the international peace through collective security and to organise conferences on economic and disarmament issues. Formally dissolved in 1946
What was the Weimar Republic?
The German parliamentary democracy that existed between November 1918 and January 1933. Attacked from both the left and right of the political spectrum it never won the loyalty of the majority of Germans
In what year was the Paris Peace conference held?
January 1919
Which men made up the BIG THREE?
Woodrow Wilson
David Lloyd George
Georges Clemenceau
Which countries were the BIG FOUR?
Italy
France
USA
Britain
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
The treaty that ended the Allied state of hostilities with Germany in 1919. It included German territorial losses, disarmament, reparations, and a war guilt clause
What was Anschluss?
The political union of Germany and Austria. Was specifically prohibited under the Versailles Treaty, but was carried out by Hitler in March 1938 without any resistance from the victors of the First World War.
What was Sudetenland?
The geographical area in Bohemia mainly inhabited by ethnic Germans. In 1919 it was placed on the Czech side of the German-Czech border and in 1938 led to an international crisis ending in the infamous Munich Agreement.
Who were the Nazis?
Abbreviation: National Socialist German Workers Party. Founded in October 1918 to oppose capitalism and Marxism. Took on the Nazi title in Feb 1920 and Hitler became the leader one year later.
What is the AXIS?
A term coined by Mussolini in Nov 1936. Described the relationship between Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. Term often used to refer to relationship between Italy, Germany and Japan.
What is anti-semitism?
Attack on Jews based no longer on grounds of creed but on race. Manifested in pogroms in 19th C eastern europe and systematic murder of 6 million Jews in Nazi Germany 1939 - 1945
What is Zionism?
Movement for the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine.
What is the United Nations?
International organisation established after the second world war to replace the league of nations. Established in 1945, grown to 192 countries
What is social darwinism?
a 19th C theory inspired by The theory of evolution - human society should be seen as the survival of the fittest. Backbone of racial and white supremacy.
What was Lend-lease?
lend lease act, 1941. US Congress empowered the president to lease or lend arms and supplies to any foreign government if the US thought their defence was essential to national security.
In what years did the Spanish civil war commence and end?
What triggered the Spanish Civil war?
Military coup launched with elite troops from Spanish Morocco to topple the recently elected socialist Popular front government
Why was the Spanish civil war significant to other countries in Europe?
When the nationalists failed to overthrow the socialist popular front government, both sides appealed to countries in Europe for help. Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy helped the Nationalists. USSR sent aid to the Republicans. Britain and France tried to contain the war.
Who won the Spanish Civil War?
General Franco's Nationalists
What was the Detente?
Reduction of tensions between states
In 1914 Nationalism was a relatively new concept that had come about mainly as a result of the French Revolution. What is NOT a strategy of nationalism?
Who were the 4 key powers in Europe before World War I?
Which is NOT a key characteristic of Europe before world war I?
The Aristocracy in Europe before 1914...
Before 1914 the middle class in Europe...
The working class in European society before 1914...
The peasantry in European Society before 1914...
In European politics the dominant political parties were the parties of the centre. They had two things in common:
Which could not be associated with the RADICAL LEFT in Europe before 1914?
Which could NOT be associated with the RADICAL RIGHT in Europe before 1914?
In which countries was minority nationalism a threat to the state?
If we define diplomacy as being "your enemies enemy is your friend", why did France and Russia become alliances in 1894?
To contain the threat of Germany
If we define diplomacy as being "your enemies enemy is your friend", why did Serbia choose to join the Entente?
Serbia's enemy was Austria-Hungary, so it made sense to ally with Britain/ France/ Russia
Why did Britain feel threatened by Germany before World War I?
Because Germany was building a navy
Why did Britain declare war on Germany on August 4, 1914?
Because Germany invaded neutral Belgium which was seen as a gross violation of international law
What was the "blank Cheque" that Germany gave to Austria-Hungary in July of 1914?
A go ahead or "go for it" to declare war on Serbia as retribution for the Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand who was the heir to the throne of the Austria-Hungarian empire
