grammar

clause that does same job as adverb, used to say when, where, how etc something is happening (I'll see you "when you get back" (instead of tomorrow))

word like up, out off, used as part of a phrasal verb (clean "up"; sold "out")

short group of words that does same job as adverb (on tuesday, in the bathroom)

group of words that does it is even so with us all job as an adverb, the same as adverb phrase or adverb clause

adverb clause intorduced by participle ("not knowing what to do," I telephoned robin)

affirmative sentence, not negative (I agree and not I dont agree)

anti-, post-, -er, -ish -> anti-american, postwar, older, greenish (prefixes and suffixes)

the expression that says who (or what) an action is done by

use of articles (and pronouns) to 'point backwards' -> "I put the money back in my pocket" article 'the' in 'the money' shows that the money has been mentioned before

noun with which a relative pronoun or relative clause is connected. "theres 'the child' who broke my window" -> "the child" is the antecedent of "who"

the same as preparatory subject, -object

"harry, my brother in law, is a policeman" -> descriptive expression "my brother in law" is not connected to the subject by any prepsition or conjunction

a, an and the -> a/an is called the indefinite article, the is the definite article

use of verb forms to show meanings like: whether an action was going on at a particular time, or whether it had been completed (it was raining, it had rained)

words some, somebody, used most often in affirmative sentences, in other sentences sometimes replaced with any, anybody etc (these are non-assertive forms) other non-assertive: yet, ever

adjectives placed before nouns are in attributive position: a 'green' shirt, my 'noisy' son

verb like be, have, do, used with another verb to make tenses, passive forms, etc. (she 'was' writing, where 'have' you put it?)

infinitive form without to, let me 'go'

simplest form of a verb. go; work; remember

use of different forms of nouns or pronouns to show their function in a sentence -> difference between I and me, or who and whom

ordinary verbs that can be followed by another ordinary verb (please let go!)

formed with have or get + direct object + past participle, focuses on what is done to someone or something. (why don't you 'get your eyes tested')

part of sentence which contains a subject and a verb, usually joined to the rest of the sentence by a conjunction

sentence in which special emphasis is given to one part (e.g. subject or the object) by using a structure with it or what -> It was you who caused the accident

a singular word used to refer to a group -> family, team

word or expression is used mainly in informal speeach, not in careful, formal or literary language. -> wheres the loo