Water Economics
Jaha
Jaha
Kartei Details
| Karten | 312 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | English |
| Kategorie | VWL |
| Stufe | Universität |
| Erstellt / Aktualisiert | 04.07.2025 / 04.07.2025 |
| Weblink |
https://card2brain.ch/box/20250704_water_economics
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| Einbinden |
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Yes, desalinated seawater can be used, which adds little cost and energy demand. Direct seawater electrolysis is still under research.
Power plants use large amounts of water mainly for cooling, especially nuclear and thermal plants.
Fossil fuel extraction uses and contaminates large amounts of water, including through processes like fracking and oil refining.
Biofuels require significant water, often competing with food crops, especially if irrigated.
Wind and solar photovoltaic power have very low water demand, making them good for low-carbon energy.
Hydropower, tidal power, wave power, offshore wind, and floating solar. Water also helps make hydrogen for clean energy.
For mining, refining, and cooling power plants like coal and nuclear.
Water used indirectly in making a product, hidden in the supply chain.
Total freshwater used to make a product, including water consumed, evaporated, or polluted.
Green: rainwater used by plants; Blue: surface and groundwater used; Grey: water needed to clean pollution.
It shows where water is used and helps reduce water risks.
Smartphone: ~12,760 liters; Leather shoes: 8,000 liters; Jeans: 10,850 liters.
Where water measurement starts and ends in a product’s life.
A method to measure environmental impact of products from start to finish.
Set goals and limits; Collect input/output data; Assess impacts; Interpret and improve.
Water used and polluted is counted to assess environmental effects.
Both track water use to help protect resources, but focus on different parts.
Climate, consumption habits, economy, and water-use policies.
United Arab Emirates (2,270 gallons/day).
Water used for goods produced and consumed within the country.
Water used abroad to produce imported goods.
130 liters directly, 7,200 liters indirectly via consumption.
About 86%.
Trading water indirectly through goods and products.
It allows water-scarce regions to access water-intensive goods from water-rich areas, improving efficiency.
Dependency on other countries, risk of supply shortages, and potential exploitation of poor regions.
TU Berlin’s Water Footprint Tools provide detailed data and analysis, especially for Germany and the EU.
Seen as infinite and free, causing waste, pollution, and water stress.
Through regulations, pricing, and seeing water-saving as a competitive advantage.
Push: laws, taxes, pollution limits. Pull: cost savings, sustainability goals.
Water supply issues, fines, and reputation damage can cost companies money.
Cargo shipping, passenger shipping, and fishery.
Massive growth, especially container shipping, led by China, USA, Vietnam, South Korea, Japan.
Huge economic impact and jobs, but environmental concerns exist.
Needed for crops, livestock, fish habitats, and aquaculture.
About 70 times more.
Animal-based foods, especially beef (over 15,000 liters per kg).
Eat less meat, eat local, waste less food, and choose unprocessed foods.
Blue: irrigation and drinking water; Green: rainwater; Grey: water to dilute pollution.
Climate and irrigation needs cause big differences (e.g., Egypt has high blue water footprint for corn).
