Cartes mémoires 040 HPL (Seite 1 von 3)

Cartes-fiches	86
Langue	Deutsch
Catégorie	Technique
Niveau	Université
Crée / Actualisé	14.06.2025 / 15.06.2025
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The cabin pressure in airline operation is

Always equivalent to sea level

Normally not exceeding 2'000 ft to 3'000 ft

Normally not exceeding 4'000 ft to 5'000 ft

Normally not exceeding 6'000 ft to 8'000 ft

What is astigmatism?

The inability to focus different meridians simultaneously

Can not see one or more colour

Can not focus well on an object far away

Reduced vision of only one eye

What is rhodopsin? It is a chemical...

called visual purple which sometimes is present in rod cells

always present in rod cells

sometimes present in cone cells

called visual purple always present in cone cells

Of the following statements concerning circadian rhythms, which is true?

Sensorimotor performance is better in the morning whereas intellectual performance is better in the evening

Sensorimotor and intellectual performance are better in the morning and are sensitive to sleep duration

Sensorimotor performance is better in the evening whereas intellectual performance is better in the morning

Sensorimotor and intellectual performance are better in the evening and sensitive to the waking period

Regarding arousal, which of the following statements is wrong?

A very low level of arousal can be dangerous

A medium level of arousal can be dangerous

A very high level of arousal will always lead to too quick and timely decisions

A low level of arousal is often accompanied by low body temperature

Check the following statements:1. A person experiencing sleep loss is unlikely to be aware of personal performance degradation2. Performance loss may be present up to 20 minutes after awaking from a short sleep (nap)

1 is correct 2 is false

1 is false 2 is correct

1 and 2 are both correct

1 and 2 are both false

The three coats of the eye are

Cornea, lens, vitreous humor

Sclera, uvea, retina

Optic nerve, retina, blind spot

Ciliary body, iris, pupil

One of the most frequent symptoms of decompression sickness is

Are the chokes

Are the bends

Are neurological damages to the CNS

Is a shock

Which of the following applies to carbon monoxide poisoning?

A very early symptom for realising carbon monoxide poisoning is euphoria

Inhaling carbon monoxide leads to hyperventilation

The human body shows no sign of carbon monoxide poisoning

Several days are needed to recuperate from a carbon monoxide poisoning

Which of the following symptoms can mark a beginning hyperventilation?

Slow rate of breathing

Cyanosis (blueing of lips and finger nails)

Dizzy feeling

Slow heart beat

The errors resulting from irrational indexing in an operations manual are a mismatch between

Liveware - Environment

Liveware - Hardware

Liveware - Liveware

Liveware - Software

The retina allows for

The acquisition of the visual signal and its coding into physiological data

The analysis of visual signals

Binocular vision

The acquisition of the visual signal and the accommodation process

What is the function of the retina in the eye?

Is the muscle, changing the size of the crystalline lens

Only regulates the light that falls into the eye

Is the light-sensitive inner lining of the eye containing the photoreceptors essential for vision

Filters the UV-light

Why can hyperventilation cause unconsciousness?

Oxygen saturation of the blood is increased and the brain will be supplied with more blood than normal

Not enough time is left to exchange oxygen in the lungs

Blood circulation to the brain is slowed down due to vasoconstriction in the brain

Oxygen saturation of the blood is decreased

What is the cornea?

The source of the day blind spot

The lens of the eye

Optic eye discs

A clear portion of the eye where the light passes through

Hypoxia can also be caused by:

Increasing oxygen partial pressure used for the exchange of gases

A lack of nitrogen in ambient air

A lack of red blood cells in the blood or decreased ability of the hemoglobin to transport oxygen

Too much carbon dioxide in the blood

Hyperventilation is...

A too high percentage of oxygen in the blood

A decreased lung ventilation

An increased lung ventilation

A too high percentage of nitrogen in the blood

The type of hypoxia, which occurs at altitude, is explained by:

Dalton’s law

Henry’s law

Graham’s law

Boyle Mariotte’s law

Sound waves are transferred from the outer ear to the inner ear by the...

Cochlea

Ossicles

Otolith organ

Static organ

Spatial disorientation is made up by senses with the following order of priority:

Vision, equilibrium in the inner ear, proprioception, sense of touch

Vision, equilibrium in the inner ear, brain, sense of touch

Sense of touch, brain, ear

Vision, sense of touch, proprioception, equilibrium in the inner ear

The ozone-layer is situated in the:

Ionosphere

Thermosphere

Stratosphere

Troposphere

Astigmatism is:

An error in refraction in which the lens of the eye does not focus an image directly on the retina

A condition caused by an equal curvature of the cornea

A result of the normal ageing process

A condition caused by an unequal curvature of the lens or the cornea of the eye

What must the procedure in case of decompression above 10'000 ft ensure?

Make it possible to prevent hyperventilation owing to the inhalation of 100 % oxygen

Allow for the rapid supply of oxygen in order to prevent the pilot becoming hypoxic

Allow for a rapid descent independent from sufficient supply of oxygen in order to prevent disorders due to hypoxia

Make it possible to eliminate the risk of fogging due to the sudden pressure changes

Which law explains joint pain (bends) during decompression?

Dalton's law

Henry's law

Boyle's law

Law of diffusion

When the pilot suffers from hypothermia, his...

Oxygen need will not be affected

Oxygen need will be reduced giving him a better tolerance to hypoxia at higher altitudes

Oxygen need will be raised and his tolerance to hypoxia will be increased

Need for oxygen will be increased as long as he stays conscious

Affinity to hemoglobin is best with:

Oxygen

Nitrogen

Carbon monoxide

Carbon dioxide

The critical threshold without supplemental oxygen is reached at approximately:

18'000 ft

16'000 ft

22'000 ft

38'000 ft

How does the eye transform light to nerve impulses?

The visual cortex produces a chemical change that is transmitted as a nerve impulse to the retina

The light hits the optic nerve and is then transmitted to the brain stem

The retina produces rod and cone signals which are transmitted to the brain stem

Light produces chemical changes which are transmitted as nerve impulses to the brain

One of the waste products of the metabolic process in the cell is:

Water

Sugar

Protein

Fat

The optic system of the eye consists of:

Retina, optic nerve, blind spot

Cornea, lens, vitreous humor

Uvea, sclera, retina

Rods, cones, fovea centralis

Vibrations can cause blurred vision due to resonance oscillations of the:

Photosensitive cells

Cristalline lens

Optic nerve

Eyeballs

At sea-level a gas has 1/3 of the volume it would have at 27'000 ft. What physical law explains this?

A water vapor saturated gas at 34'000 ft has 6 times its sea-level volume

At sea-level a gas has 1/3 of the volume it would have at 27'000 ft

At 63'000 ft water boils at 65°C

At 18'000 ft a gas volume is three times that at sea level

What is the residual volume of a healthy young person’s lungs?

~0.5 l inspiratory reserve volume

Vital capacity of ~7.0 l

Residual volume of 1.2 to 1.5 liter

Expiratory reserve volume of ~0.5 liter

Which of the following belongs to the middle ear?

Otoliths

Semicircular canals

Ossicles

Endolymph

What is autokinesis?

Automatic adjustment of lens for near/far objects

Change in pupil diameter in the dark

Spinning lights after alcohol

Apparent movement of a static light when stared at in the dark

When exposed to positive G-load, which organ is primarily affected first?

Organ of equilibrium

Eye

Lungs

Brain

What scanning technique should a pilot use for detecting traffic?

Continuous sweeping of the windshield right to left

Concentrate on moving objects until identified

Concentrate on relative movement in peripheral vision

Systematically focus on different segments of the sky for short intervals

What may occur during gradual depressurisation between 12'000 ft and 18'000 ft?

A rapid decrease in blood pressure leading to considerable somnolence

A loss of coordination associated with fatigue and headache

Sudden visual hyperacuity associated with headache

A rapid decrease in blood pressure which will lead to headache and loss of coordination

Main clinical signs of hypoxia during explosive decompression?

Headaches, articular pain, increased respiratory rate, memory disorders

Increase in heart and respiratory rates, euphoria, impaired judgement, memory disorders

Headaches, fatigue, somnolence, palpitations

Increased heart rate, decreased body temperature, impaired judgement

What organ transfers vibrations to nerve impulses in the ear?

Cochlea

Semicircular canals

Ossicles

Otolith organs

040 HPL

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