Lernkartei 050 Meteo (Seite 1 von 3)

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In a low pressure system the convergence at the surface is caused by...

frictional forces

the imbalance of the horizontal gradient force and the Coriolis force

the curvature of the isobars

centripetal forces

When do cold occlusions occur most frequently in Europe?

Summer

Winter

Winter and spring

Autumn and winter

At what time of the year are tornadoes most likely to occur in North America?

Summer, autumn

Spring, summer

Winter

Autumn, winter

Aeroplane struck by lightning may sometimes get considerable damage and at least temporarily the manoeuvring of the aeroplane will be made more difficult. Which one of the following statements is correct?

An aircraft has in the atmosphere the same qualities as a "Faradays cage", which means that struck of lightning seldom occurs. But if it happens, the result will be an occasional engine failure. The crew may get a shock.

An aircraft made by metal has a certain capacity to attract a lightning, but the lightning will follow the surface and therefore no damage will be caused.

Aircraft made by composite material may get severe damage, the crew may be blinded and temporarily lose the hearing.

Aircraft made by composite material can´t conduct a lightning and will therefore very seldom be struck.

What is a signal of the beginning of the mature stage of a thunderstorm?

The start of precipitation

Continuous updrafts

CB cloud stops growing vertically

The appearance of an anvil top

How do you recognize a cold air drop?

A cold air drop may be recognized on the surface chart as a high pressure area.

As a high pressure area aloft (e.g. on the 500 hPa chart).

As a low pressure area aloft (e.g. on the 500 hPa chart).

A cold air drop may be recognized on the surface chart as a low pressure area.

A microburst...

has a life time of more than 30 minutes.

occurs mainly in winter in the mid-latitudes.

has a diameter up to 4 km.

occurs only in tropical areas.

In which stage of the life cycle of a single thunderstorm cell occur both up- and downdrafts simultaneously?

Dissipating stage

Cumulus stage

Mature stage

In all stages

Which form of precipitation from clouds containing only water is most likely to fall in mid-latitudes?

Drizzle

Moderate rain with large drops

Hail

Heavy rain with large drops

Which of the following cloud types are most likely to produce light to moderate icing when they are not subject to orographic lifting and consist of supercooled cloud droplets?

Stratocumulus and cirrostratus

Altostratus and cirrocumulus

Stratus and cumulonimbus

Altocumulus and altostratus

Frontal waves normally form on...

slow moving cold fronts and stationary fronts

slow moving warm fronts and occluding fronts

rapidly moving cold fronts or warm fronts

warm fronts

An aeroplane is flying in the southern hemisphere at low altitude (less than 2'000 feet) and going directly away from a centre of low pressure. What direction, relative to the aeroplane, does the wind come from?

left and slightly on the tail

right and slightly on the tail

right and slightly on the nose

left and slightly on the nose

Divergence in the upper air results, near the surface, in...

Rising pressure and likely formation of clouds

Falling pressure and likely dissipation of clouds

Falling pressure and likely formation of clouds

Rising pressure and likely dissipation of clouds

What is the associated weather with the center of a cold air drop over land in summer?

Strong westerly winds

Nothing (CAVOK)

Showers and thunderstorms

Continuous drizzle

Over Central Europe what type of cloud cover is typical of the warm sector of a depression during winter?

CI, CS

CU, CB

Fair weather CU

ST with drizzle

If you have to fly through a warm front when freezing level is at 10'000 feet in the warm air and at 2'000 feet in the cold air, at which altitude is the probability of freezing rain the lowest?

12'000 feet

9'000 feet

3'000 feet

5'000 feet

The stable layer at some height in the low troposphere of an older high pressure area in the mid-latitudes is called

Subsidence inversion

Trade wind inversion

Radiation inversion

Friction inversion

8/8 stratus base 200 ft/AGL is observed at sunrise at an aerodrome in the north of France; the QNH is 1028 hPa and there is a variable wind of 3 kt. What change in these clouds is likely at 12:00 UTC in summer and winter?

Winter: clear sky; summer BKN CB base 1500 ft/AGL

Winter: BKN base 2'500 ft/AGL; summer BKN base 3'500 ft/AGL

Winter: SCT base 3'000 ft/AGL; summer OVC base 500 ft/AGL

Winter: OVC base 500 ft/AGL; summer SCT base 3'000 ft/AGL

If a cold front moves at 30 knots, you could expect the warm front to be moving at:

40 knots

20 knots

50 knots

30 knots

A cold air drop

Develops usually in winter when very unstable maritime polar or maritime arctic air currents stream southwards along the eastern side of an extensive ridge of high pressure, in association with occluded systems

Occurs frequently in winter to the south of the Alps when this region is under the influence of cold north-westerly airstream

Is usually most evident in the circulation and temperature fields of the middle troposphere and may show little or no sign on a surface chart

Normally disappears at night and occurs almost exclusively in summer

If the pressure surfaces bulge upwards in all levels then the pressure system is a

Cold low

Warm high

Cold high

Warm low

During a VFR flight from LSGG to LFSB, you receive the following weather reports:Zürich: 241450Z LSZH 22012KT 9999 FEW035 BKN090 27/18 Q1016 BECMG 26020G40KT TS Genf: 241450Z LSGG 34010KT 9999 SCT025TCU 18/15 Q1019 NOSIG Basel: 241450Z LFSB 28014KT 9999 SCT025TCU SCT100 16/15 Q1013 RETS NOSIG Bern: 241450Z LSZB 29009KT 9999 FEW020TCU SCT035 17/16 Q1017 RETS NOSIGWhat is the correct decision?

You continue because the cold front has already passed LFSB.

The cold front has not passed LFSB, but a cold front is not threat to VFR flights.

You make a safety landing at a neighbouring airfield.

You return immediately to LSGG due to an active cold front.

A winter day in northern Europe with a thick layer of stratocumulus clouds and temperature close to zero degrees C at ground level, you can expect:

Decreasing visibility due to snowfall below cloud base, but only light icing in clouds.

A high probability for icing in clouds. Severe icing in the upper part due to accumulation of large droplets.

Turbulence due to a strong inversion, but no icing because clouds consist of ice crystals.

Reduced visibility and light icing in clouds.

Assuming a generalised zonal system of world wind circulation, the SE trade winds are applicable to zone:

u

w

t

v

Two aeroplanes, one with a sharp wing profile (S), and the other with a thick profile (T), are flying through the same cloud with the same true airspeed. The cloud consists of small supercooled droplets. Which of the following statements is correct concerning ice accretion?

Aircraft T experiences more icing than S

Neither of the aircraft accumulate ice due to the small size of droplets

Aircraft S experiences more icing than T

Aircraft S and T experience the same amount of icing

At what degree of icing can ICAO's "No change of course and altitude necessary" recommendation be followed?

Severe

Extreme

Light

Moderate

In the lower layers of the atmosphere, due to friction, the wind changes direction towards the low pressure area because:

Turbulence is formed and pressure decreases

Turbulence is formed and pressure increases

The pressure gradient increases

Wind speed decreases and therefore Coriolis force decreases

An aeroplane is flying in the southern hemisphere at 2'000 feet, has to turn to the right in order to allow for drift. In which direction, relative to the aeroplane, is the centre of low pressure?

To the left

In front

To the right

Behind

At FL 150 over Amsterdam the wind speed is 35 kt, and over Madrid, same level, also 35 kt. On the corresponding constant pressure chart the isohypses will be:

same distance over Amsterdam

closer over Amsterdam

closer over Madrid

none is correct

In a polar front depression, an occlusion is called a warm occlusion when the cold air...

Behind is less cold than the cold air in front, with the warm air at a high altitude

In front of the surface position of front is only at a high altitude

Behind is colder than the cold air in front

Behind is colder than the cold air in front, with the warm air being at a high altitude

How does a pilot react to heavy freezing rain at 2'000 FT/AGL, when he is unable to deice, nor land?

He descends to the warm air layer below

He turns back before the aircraft loses manoeuvrability

He ascends to the cold air layer above

He continues to fly at the same altitude

In the mid-latitudes the stratosphere extends on an average from:

85 to more than 200 km

0 to 11 km

11 to 50 km

50 to 85 km

At what degree of icing should ICAO's "Change course and/or altitude immediately" instruction be followed?

Moderate

Severe

Light

Extreme

What type of low pressure area is associated with a surface front?

Heat low

Polar front low

A low on lee side of a mountain

A cold air pool

The diameter of a typical tornado is:

In the order of 10 km

Only a few metres

About 2 to 6 km

100 to 150 metres

In general, the meteorological visibility during rainfall compared to during drizzle is:

Less

In rain - below 1 km, in drizzle - more than 2 km

Greater

The same

When flying at FL180 in the Northern Hemisphere you experience a right drift. What happens to your True Altitude (TA)?

Your TA remains unchanged

Not enough information is provided to determine the TA

Your TA increases

Your TA decreases

After passing at right angles through a very active cold front in the direction of the cold air, what will you encounter, in the northern hemisphere, immediately after a marked change in temperature?

A veering in the wind direction

A backing in the wind direction

A decrease in headwind

An increase in tailwind

How are the air masses distributed in a cold occlusion?

The coldest air in front of and the less cold air is behind the occlusion; the warm air mass is above ground level

The coldest air mass behind and the less cold air in front of the occlusion; the warm air mass is above ground level

The coldest air in front of and the warm air behind the occlusion; the less cold air is above ground level

The coldest air behind and the warm air in front of the occlusion; the less cold air mass is above ground level

What is the average saturated adiabatic lapse rate (SALR)?

1.0 K / 100 m

0.6 K / 100 m

0.3 K / 100 m

1.8 K / 100 m

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