Lernkartei FAMILY MED (Seite 10 von 11)

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Sprache	English
Kategorie	Medizin
Stufe	Universität
Erstellt / Aktualisiert	17.01.2022 / 31.01.2022
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Which of the following HPV subtypes is most associated with the development of cervical cancer?

types 43 and 54

types 7 and 9

types 16 and 18

types 24 and 28

types 33 and 40

Which of the following interventions has been shown to reduce the risks of falls among the aged?

modification of environmental hazards in the home

discontinuation of psychotropic drugs

supervised exercise programs that improve gait, balance, and strength

all the above

only A + C

Which of the following is an attribute that contributes to patient satisfaction?

a modern office

good listening skills

hospital privileges

X-ray on site

a physician who efficiently judges each situation

Which of the following is not a part of the Folstein Mini-Mental Status Examination?

the subtraction of serial 7s or spelling the word ‘world’ backwards

naming the current president of the country

writing a sentence

following a three-step command

none of the above

Which of the following is not a symptom for autism?

Excessive activity and lack of attention

Narrow and stereotypical behaviours and interests

Rigid schemes and rituals

Abnormal non-verbal social interactions

Weakness of verbal communication

Which of the following is not a true statement about the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination?

the diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease require that the dementia be of a gradual onset and show decline of the cognitive impairment over time. The Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination provides a tool with which to document this progression.

one of the strengths of the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination is that testing is not subject to variation in education or age.

the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination provides an 87% sensitivity rate and an 82% specificity rate when testing for dementia in white populations, with a cutoff of 24.

although the progression of dementias such as Alzheimer's disease is quite variable, a loss of approximately 2 points on the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination can be expected each war among these patients.

none

Which of the following is the most appropriate medication for the treatment of hypertension in a diabetic patient?

β-blocker

ACE inhibitor

diuretic

calcium-channel blocker

α-blocker

Which of the following is the strongest predictor of decreasing satisfaction for physicians?

malpractice costs

long work hours

decreasing income

loss of clinical autonomy

none

Which of the following is true about continuity of care?

it is not related to improved quality of care.

it is an adult patient concept.

it can interfere with the care of patients with emotional problems.

it is a core attribute of family medicine.

none

Which of the following is true about families who receive continuity of care from a family doctor?

they spend less money on health care.

they have the same number of operations

they visit the physician more often

they have more hospitalizations

none

Which of the following is true of calcium metabolism?

Calcitonin causes a rise in plasma calcium

Primary hyperparathyroidism is usually asymptomatic

Vitamin D is secreted by the parathyroid glands

Oliguria is a symptom of hypercalcemia

True B and D

Which of the following is true of hematemesis?

A low blood pressure (<90 mmHg systolic) and a tachycardia (>100/min) are worrying features

A pulse rate of 80/min in a patient taking bisoprolol is reassuring

Abdominal pain is always present

An alcohol history is not essential

The source is generally the gastrointestinal tract, typically below the suspensory muscle of duodenum

Which of the following is true of hypothyroidism?

Weight loss

Pre-tibial myxedema

A raised TSH level

An aversion to warm places

A low fT3 and fT4 and tachycardia

Which of the following is true regarding the complications of a large goiter?

It causes stridor due to compression of the esophagus

Dysphagia is an indication for surgery

It causes hoarseness due to compression of the trachea

It causes a more florid thyrotoxicosis than a smaller goiter

True C and D

Which of the following positions is most commonly used for the digital rectal examination:

semi prone

recumbent

ventral decubitus

right lateral

knee-elbow

Which of the following retinal diseases is the most common cause of the loss of reading vision among adults?

macular degeneration

diabetic retinopathy

retinal detachment

temporal arteritis

none

Which of the following should be adjusted for when performing a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)?

location and sex of individual

age and education

support and living arrangement

height and weight

eyesight and hearing

Which of the following statement about wound care is FALSE:

wounds heal by primary, secondary or tertiary intention

when working with a wound, always practice body substance isolation precautions

when cleansing the wound, start at the most contaminated area of the wound and finish at the least contaminated area

a dry, sterile dressing is an appropriate coverage for a wound healing by primary intention

a wet-to-dry dressing could be applied to a burn which heals by secondary intention

Which of the following statements about pharmacorceucs ?? in the elderly is true?

body fat stores decrease, and, thus, fat-soluble medications have decreased distribution and there is less risk for toxicity.

the glomerular filtration rate is reduced in the elderly, which can lead to a decreased clearance of medication and an increased risk for toxicity

the volume of body water is increased in the elderly, which may require increased dosages of water-soluble medications.

accumulation of active metabolites does not occur in the elderly secondary to rapid clearance.

hepatic metabolism of drugs increases as patients age.

Which of the following statements about systolic hypertension is true?

it represents relatively little risk to the patient.

it is defined as a systolic pressure > 140 mm Hg with a diastolic pressure >100 mm Hg.

it does not increase the risk of stroke.

it is often caused by mitral regurgitation.

it is more dangerous to elderly patients than an elevated diastolic pressure.

Which of the following statements is applicable to osteoarthritis?

Morning stiffness is a specific symptom

Stiffness appears after prolonged rest

Inflammatory back pain occurs typically

Exercises relieve completely of joint pain

Joint hypermobility is typical

Which of the following statements is true regarding pneumococcal (Pneumovax) vaccination?

Healthy individuals older than 50 years should receive the vaccine.

Medicare does not cover the cost of pneumococcal (Pneumovax) vaccination.

Boosters are recommended for individuals older than 65 years if they received their first dose morę than 5 years prior to their last injection.

Adults with previous splenectomy should not receive pneumococcal (Pneumovax) vaccination.

Children younger than 2 years with sickle cell anemia should receive pneumococcal (Pneumovax) vaccination.

Which of the following statements regarding home visits is true?

they are increasing in frequency.

reimbursement has increased their use.

physicians who perform home visits have increased job satisfaction.

home visits are not effective at managing patients because of a lack of resources.

home visits rarely identify new medical problems, but are better suited to manage chronic medical problems.

Which of the following statements regarding osteoporosis is true?

routine screening of women older than 65 years is not recommended.

dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans result in more radiation exposure than qualitative computed tomography (ct).

T scores are used to diagnose osteoporosis.

plain x-rays are a good diagnostic test for assessment of osteoporosis.

medicare will not pay for bone-density examination.

Which of the following symptoms is more likely to represent myocardial ischemia in older patients?

chest pain

dyspnea

diaphoresis

back pain

jaw pain

Which of the following tests is most useful in diagnosing cystic breast masses?

mammograms

ultrasound

fine-needle biopsy

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

computed tomography (CT)

Which of the following would not be used specifically to evaluate a patient's cognitive function?

the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale

the Folstein Mini-Mental Status Examination

the Mini-Cog Test

the Trail-Making Test

none

Which of these is most likely to cause deviation of the trachea?

A left basal pneumonia

A small right pleural effusion

Previous TB of the right upper lobe

Idiopathic fibrosing alveolitis

All answers are true

Which one from anticholinergic drugs used in urinary incontinence is the most selective and has

the least side effects?

oxybutynin

tolterodine

solifenacine

imipramine

duloxetine

Which one from selective agonists of B3 adrenergic receptors used in urge urinary incontinence is the most

selective and has the least side effects?

Solifenacine (anticholinergic)

Tolterodine (anticholinergic)

Mirabegron (strong and selective)

Imipramine (bladder relaxant)

Duloxetine (SNRI for stress incontinence)

Which one of the following features can usually distinguish delirium from dementia?

there is a lack of long-term memory loss with delirium.

the time span over which symptoms develop differs.

there is an absence of long-term memory loss with dementia.

there is a loss of orientation with delirium.

none

Which one of the following is an important part of an effective geriatric health questionnaire?

general health questions that might include a self-rated health assessment

assessment of activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living

assessment of pain

all

none

Which part of the eye has the strongest refractive power?

cornea

lens

aqueous humor

retina

none

Which pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics changes are typical for elderly persons:

Less responsiveness to beta blockers and beta agonists (due to reduction in beta adrenergic activity)

Absorption generally does not change

Longer half-life of lipophilic drugs

All are true

All are false

Which sentence for neuropathic pain is true:

For neuropathic pain an anticonvulsant such as gabapentin 100-400 mg orally three times a day, may be a useful addition.

Amitriptyline or nortriptyline, in doses higher than those used to trot depression am often effective.

Venlafaxine Of duloxetine may be effective for neuropathic pain and have no side effects

A long course of steroids also has been helpful in treating difficult, opioid resistant neuropathic pain

B and C

Which sentence is true:

Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood

The prevalence of asthma is decreasing rapidly worldwide

Diabetes is the most common chronic disease of childhood

All true

All false

Which statement concerning the measurement of blood pressure is false?

While using a mercury sphingomomanometer one should keep the manometer vertical and take all readings at eye level

If a patient has an obese arm one should use an appropriate larger cuff

If an adult patient is very thin (for example a patient with anorexia), a pediatric cuff may be necessary

If repeated measurements are needed wait at least 10 minutes between readings with the cuff fully deflated

A patient should be sitting

Which suture is the most effective in closure of fragile, elderly skin or skin of people on chronic steroid therapy?

simple interrupted suture

vertical mattress suture

horizontal mattress suture

running intracutaneous suture

b and c equally

Which suture is used to obtain the best eversion of edges of the wound and is used for deeper wounds?

simple interrupted suture

vertical mattress suture

horizontal mattress suture

running intracutaneous suture

equally b or c

Which symptoms of abdominal pain indicate an organic disease requiring immediate diagnosis or surgery?

Acute abdominal pain with vomiting, sudden gas and stool retention, or gastrointestinal bleeding

Abdominal pain and jaundice or palpable lump in the abdomen

Abdominal pain waking the patient up at night

A and B

All

FAMILY MED

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