EnglScience E=mc^2 Book Questions

Questions and Answers to the questions from the script

Questions and Answers to the questions from the script


Set of flashcards Details

Flashcards 110
Language English
Category English
Level University
Created / Updated 14.01.2020 / 25.10.2020
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What was Oppenheimer like and how did he motivate his team?

He was very sensitive and was able to look after the scientists well so that they would cooperate in the team.

Which two ways to build a bomb did America pursue?

Plutonium bomb or enriched Uranium

How did the scientists try to make Plutonium explode?

They arranged in a sphere and put explosives on the outside to trigger an 'implosion'.

What news did Niels Bohr bring from Europe in February 1944?

Heisenberg was quite close to building a bomb.

What kind of sabotage did the Norwegian Haukelid do?

They sent Haukelid to blow up the ferry that transported the heavy water from the remote factory to the mainland.

What did finally happen to Germany's bomb building capacity?

As Germany was losing , the country lost its industrial resources to pursue the bomb construction.

What happened to Heisenberg?

He was briefly imprisoned but released and he continued his scientific career.

What happened to Oppenheimer after the war?

He was put under surveillance because the authorities feared that he had worked with Communist Russia.

Which two opposing views were there in the US concerning the deployment of the bomb in Japan?

Should we use this terrible weapon or just use it as a threat?

Why was the bomb deployed?

The President's advisor was 'old-fashioned', saying the army builds bombs in order to use them.

What happened inside the bomb when it was triggered?

A chain reaction of enriched Uranium, transforming mass into energy

Why was it triggered at 2000 ft. above ground?

For maximum effect on the surface because triggering on the ground would have absorbed much energy

What is the condition inside the triggered bomb compared to?

The sun and to conditions shortly after the big bang

How much heat is produced?

Several million degrees Celsius

What happens on the ground?

Heat wave, near vacuum creating a storm of several hundred kilometres per hour, plus radioactive fallout

What is the topic of part 5? (p. 173)

How the equation controls how stars 'work' and how life will end.

What did astronomers believe about the sun's content at the time Einstein discovered that E=mc2?

The sun is made up of 66% iron.

How does a spectroscope work?

Every element gives off a distinct visual signal: spectroscope breaks the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation into various wavelengths

What was Cecilia Payne's academic career?

University of Cambridge (England), no doctorate for women, went to Harvard, wrote a Ph.D.

How did Payne come up with a different interpretation of the spectroscope lines?

She re-interpreted the spectroscope lines (different amount of ionization at different temperatures): the sun consists mostly of Hydrogen

How did the astronomy establishment react to her findings?

They didn't believe it at first, but four years later it became accepted.

What happens inside the sun to release so much energy?

4 Hydrogen atoms fuse to one helium atom, releasing lots of energy in the process

What is the leading question of this chapter? (p. 185)

How were the different elements on earth created?

How did Hoyle explain the creation of the elements?

Implosion of stars create immense temperatures, squeeze larger nuclei of elements together

Where did he get his inspiration for the theory of implosion?

Atomic bomb design (implosion of Plutonium bomb)

What keeps our planet hot at the core and causes continental shifts (earthquakes)?

Radioactive blasts at the core of the earth, high temperatures which lead to continental shifts and earthquakes

What examples of modern human applications of E=mc2 are given?

Atomic bomb, submarines, reactors (power stations), smoke detectors, glowing exit signs, PET scans, C-14 clock (archaeological dating)

What will happen to the sun in five billion years?

Hydrogen will burn out in 5 billion years, helium sun expands, too hot on earth, Helium will burn out, Earth will cool, and the sun will lose its gravitational pull, earth will fly away

What concept did Chandra come up with on a trip from India to England in 1930?

Black hole

What will happen to planet Earth in six billion years?

Earth will fly away from sun and be swallowed up by a black hole.