Endocrinology
Hormones
Hormones
Kartei Details
| Karten | 41 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | English |
| Kategorie | Medizin |
| Stufe | Universität |
| Erstellt / Aktualisiert | 23.11.2019 / 14.01.2020 |
| Weblink |
https://card2brain.ch/box/20191123_endocrinology
|
| Einbinden |
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3 hormonal pathways
-endocrine
-paracrine
-autocrine
Peptide hormones
(Chain, size proteins, 2 Examples, soluble, target side)
polypeptide chain, small protein, oxytoxin, GH, water soluble, target side: extracellular receptors
Lipide hormones or steroid hormones
(derived from _, 3 examples, soluble, target side)
derived from cholesterol, examples: steroid hormones, testosterone, oestradiol, lipid soluble, target side: intracellular receptors
amino acid-derived hormones
(derived from _, 2 ex, soluble, traget side)
derived from single amino acids, ex: tryosine, epinephrine, water soluble, target side: extracellular and transmembrane receptors)
Hypothalamus
(2 main function )
regulates the pituitary gland, many body function
Hormones of Hypothalamus
5
TRH, GnRH,CRH,GHRH, Somatostatin/GHIH
pituitary gland
four parts
anterior/posterior, pars intermedia, pituitary stalk
piutitary gland
main function
regulates body function such as metabolism, reproduction, stress,growth, water homeostasis
Pituitary gland
8 hormones
TSH, LH/FSH, ACTH, Prolactin, GH, ADH, Oxytocin
Ant. pituitary Hormones
4 stimulating and 2 inhibits
Stimulation (TSH, ACTH, LH/FSH, GH)
Inhibition (GH, Prolactin)
2 posterior pituitary hormones
ADH, Oxytocin
TSH
stimulation of 2 hormones
thyroid hormones (T3 triiodothyronine) and (T4 thryoxin)
ACTH
Stimulation the _ and _ of _ from the _
Stiumulates the production and secretion of cortisol from the adrenal gland
LH
stimulates _ production in the _ and _ production in the_
stimulates oestrogen production in the ovaries and testosterone production int the testis
FSH
stimulates _ in the _ and _production in the_
stimulates follicle growth in the ovaries and sperm production in the testis
GH
stimulates IGF-1 in the _and thus growth of bone and organs
Prolactin
allows _
allows lactation
Posterior ADH
regulates_and_
regulates sodium and water metabolism
Oxtyocin
_
uterus contraction and birth
hypopituitarism
GH deficiency
hypoglycaemia in adults, microsomia/dwarfism in children
FSH and LG deficiency
TSH deficiency
ACTH deficiency
Prolactin deficiency
secondary hypogonadism
secondary hypothroidism
secondary adrenal insufficiency
lactation difficulties
vasopressin deficiency leads to
diabtes insipidus (Polyurie)
Casues of hypopituitarism (8)
hereditary, pituitary adenoma, post surgery
infiltrative, infectious, inflammatory processes, bleeding
infarction
Pituitary tumors
GH, TSH,ACTH, Proclatin
GH(acromegalia, gigantism)
TSh (secondary hyperthroidism)
ACTH (cushing disease)
Prolactin (Prolactinoma)
hyperthroidism (4 diseases)
morbus basedow (Graces disease)
struma nodosum
tumor
TSH producing pituitary tumor
measurement of thyroid hormones
central thyroid (TSH) and
peripheral thyroid hormones (T4 and T3)
TSh receptor antibodies (increased)
m basedow
TPO AB (poosible to indicate _)
Hashimoto disease (autoimmune hypothyroidism)
TG indicates _, used in _
thyroid cell destruction, used in thyroid carcinoma care
Therapy of hypothyroidism (supplementation of _)
T4
Therapy of hyperthyroidism
M Basedow
- Antithyroid agent, surgery, radioiodine therapy
Zona golmerusa
production of_
stimulated by_
regulates _ and_
mineralocorticoids
stimulated by agiotensin
regulates sodium-water metabolism and BP
Zona reticularis
production of_
stimulated by _ from the_
regualtes _2
production of cotiscosteroids
stimualted by ACTH from the PG
regulates metabolic functions, stress response
Zona fasciculata
production _
stimulated by_
Regulates production of_ and_
androgens (sex hormones)
ACTH
regulates production of estrogen and tesosterone
hypocortisolism
central (_ def)
peripheral (_def)
central: ACTH
peripheral: Cortisol
disease hypocortisolism
2
hypopituitarism due to tumor, inflammation
adrenal cortex deficiency
hypercortisolism
disease
ACTH producting tumor
cortisol producting tumor, ACTh producing tumpr, iatrogenic (chronic steroid treatment)
hypercortisolism (Disease)
morbus cushing
hypocortisolism disease
m addison
hypoglycemia
BG (< mmol/)
sym: 4
consequences: 2
<3.3 mmol/l
symptoms: dizziness, cold sweating, coma, death
consequences: dying of nerve cells, mainly brain
