TOEFL
Set of flashcards Details
| Flashcards | 60 |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Category | English |
| Level | University |
| Created / Updated | 30.01.2018 / 30.01.2018 |
| Weblink |
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Something that restricts thought or action
constraint (The constraints of military life kept Eileen from seeing Private Morris more than once a month.)
Being made less clean by a germ or hazardous substance
contamination (The contamination in the river came from the factory located just upstream.)
To greatly decrease the supply of a resource or material
deplete (The prolonged war depleted the country’s national treasury)
To throw away; to get rid of; to kill
dispose of (She disposed of her unwanted possessions before moving. The tyrant cruelly disposed of all his enemies.)
In terms of elements; basically
elementally (Elementally, coal and diamonds are the same.)
Sending out from a small space into the general environment; a substance discharged into the air
emission (The Environmental Protection Agency regulates the emission of pollutants into the air.)
Complete disappearance; the end of existence
extinction (Human beings have caused the extinction of many other species.)
A place where a liquid is collected and stored
reservoir (Cult members threatened to poison the town’s water reservoir.)
To become reduced in size, amount, or value
shrink (If you dry your clothing on the “high heat”setting, they may shrink.)
Firm and dependable; showing little change
stable (He fell because the ladder wasn’t stable)
Loyalty
allegiance (My allegiance to my country is based on respect for its principles.)
Large guns that shoot powerful shells; army units that handle such guns
artillery (An artillery barrage broke down the city’s thick walls within seconds. The 47th Artillery fired on rebels camped in the city center)
To fight against
battle (The Viet Minh battled French forces at Dien Bien Phu for nearly two months in 1954.)
Stop
cease (The lightning continued even after the thunder had ceased.)
A system of levels that places people high or low according to their importance
hierarchy (Starting as a lowly private, Burt Jones gradually rose through the hierarchy of the army)
In the middle of the hardest fighting or work
in the trenches (With their unrealistic view of this war, our generals don’t know what things are like out in the trenches.)
To put members of a group into motion
mobilize (After a terrible storm, the governor mobilized the National Guard to rescue victims.)
To put into a many-leveled order, depending on importance or achievement
rank (The Marines ranked Jim Hurst highest among all their officer candidates)
The relationship of one number or amount to another
ratio (Military analysts say that the ratio of attackers to defenders in a battle should be about three to one for the attackers to win.)
Related to long-term plans for achieving a goal
strategic (The United States has formed strategic friendships with Tajikistan and Mongolia to have Central Asian bases in the future)
To make something (usually land) part of another unit
annex (Bardstown grew by annexing several farms at the north edge of town.)
The highest point
apex (Gregory knew that his running skills had to be at their apex during the tournament.)
To fall down, usually because of weakness
collapse (She collapsed because of the bad news)
A takeover by force or continued effort
conquest (The first recorded conquest of Mt. Everest was by Tensing Norgay and Sir Edmund Hilary.)
To find an original way to make an object or a plan
devise (The soldiers devised a way to cross the river into enemy territory without being seen)
Aggressively entering into someone else’s territory
invasive (Surgery with a laser is less invasive than surgery with a knife or scalpel)
Strongest or most common
prevailing (The prevailing attitude among our neighbors is to be friendly but not too friendly.)
To refuse to give in to a strong force or desire
resist (Although many native nations resisted, the U.S. government eventually took over almost all Indian land.)
Harshly; extremely
severely (Commanders severely punished any soldier who criticized the battle plan.)
An action that breaks a law or agreement; mistreatment of something that deserves respect
violation (The army’s testing of new weapons was a violation of the cease-fire agreement.) (The sculptures at Mt. Rushmore may be a violation of sacred Indian land.)
In order according to time
chronologically (Allen’s book is arranged chronologically, from the First Crusade in 1095 to the fall of Granada in 1492.)
Happen or exist at the same time
coincide (The Viking attacks on western Europe coincided with an abnormally warm period in the Earth’s climate.)
A result, often one much later in time than the cause
consequence (One consequence of global warming may be the flooding of lowlying islands.)
an area or object at the center
core (The core of India’s film industry is in Bombay, where all but a few film studios are located.)
Say that something is not true
deny (Movie star Allen Butcher denied that he and the Princess of Denmark were getting married.)
Make something smaller or weaker; become smaller or weaker
diminish (The Protestant Reformation diminished the power of the Roman Catholic Pope.) (Mr. Partridge’s influence in the company diminished after he relocated to a branch office.)
A system of imaginary lines running from north to south along the Earth’s surface, where each line is numbered from 0º to 180° west or east
longitude (The prime meridian, a line running through Greenwich, England, is marked as 0° longitude.)
General environment or surroundings
milieu (Many Vietnam veterans did not feel comfortable in the antiwar social milieu of the 1970s)
Frightening and overcontrolled by a government that interferes in nearly every aspect of personal life
Orwellian (Biometric devices like eye-scanners allow an Orwellian level of government knowledge about everyone’s location)
Coming back together peacefully after having been enemies
reconciliation (South Africa avoided a bloodbath after apartheid by setting up a Truth and Reconciliation Commission)
