Set of flashcards Histology Written 2018 MC (Page 2 of 7)

Flashcards	267
Students	17
Language	English
Category	Medical
Level	University
Created / Updated	22.01.2018 / 28.05.2019
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All the statements about basal layer of epidermis are true EXCEPT:

is responsible for the constant production of keratinocytes

is composed of cuboidal or columnar keratinocytes

is attached to the basement membrane by hemidesmosomes

contains keratinosomes

contains scattered melanocytes

What functions do Rete ridges serve?

a) they provide mechanical interlocking between dermis and epidermis

b) they increase the area for basal cell proliferation

c) their size and shape can be used to distinguish between regions of skin

all the statements are correct

a) and b) are correct

The most numerous cell type in the epidermis is:

Langerhans cell

Merkel cell

Melanocytes

Keratinocyte

Keratinosomes

All the statements about the mammary lobule are true EXCEPT:

is embedded in loose fibrous support tissue

contains terminal ductules which are main secretory component

contains myoepithelial cells which lie beneth the terminal ductule epithelium

the lobule epithelium is not hormone sensitive

undergoes structural and functional atrophy after the menopase

The glomerular filtration barrier comprises all the following except

the podocyte layer

glomerular mesangial cells

endothelial cells

the unusually thick glomerular capillary basement membrane

endothelium of the afferent arteriole

The juxtaglomerular apparatus

secretes angiotensin and renin

lies near the urinary pole of renal corpuscle!no vascular pol

forms the glomerular filtration barrier

lies near the proximal convoluted tubule!no distal

contains macrophages

In the lower urinary tract

the ureter and bladder are lined by transitional epithelium

the ureter has three muscle layers

the bladder has two muscle layers

urothelium has always 2 cell layers

occurs the final concentration of urine

The pulmonary alveolus

has epithelial cells which secrete a thin serous fluid to help raise the level of moisture in the air space

is partially lined by ciliated cells which help remove particles drawn in with inhaled air

has isolated islands of cartilage

is richly vascularized with fenestrated capillaries

has a very thick muscle layer

Goblet cells accompanied by ciliated epithelial cells occur in all of the following except

nasal cavity

trachea

bronchi

alveoli

bronchioles

Type II pneumocytes function primarily

as scavenger cells for inhaled particles

in gas exchange

to secrete surfactant and replace type I pneumocytes

to absorb and detoxify noxious gases

to move mucus that is secreted by goblet cells

„Respiratory” (ciliated pseudostratified columnar) epithelium is found in all of the following structures except

nasal cavity

trachea

bronchi

alveoli

larynx

Which of the following cells have luminal surfaces marked by prominent microvilli?

podocytic cells of renal corpuscle

cells of proximal tubule

cells of thin limb of Henle’s loop

cells of distal tubule

cells of papillary ducts

Which of the following cells belong to the juxtaglomerular apparatus:

podocytes

cells of proximal convoluted tubule

cells of thin limb of Henle’s loop

cells of distal convoluted tubule (macula densa)

none of above

The glomerular filtration barrier comprises all the following except

the podocyte layer

cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus

endothelial cells

the unusually thick glomerular capillary basement membrane

podocytes with primary and secondary process

The basic function unit of the kidney is the

loop of Henle

glomerulus

major calyx

nephron

renal corpuscle

All the following statements about the urinary system are true except

the glomerulus is the site of ultrafiltration of the blood

mesangial cells have role in phagocytosis

the nephron is a functional unit of the kidney parenchyma

the kidney is divided into cortex and medulla

in the bladder the final concentration of urine occurs

Which structure is the muscular tube that delivers urine to the bladder?

urethra

prostate

ureter

papillary duct

renal pelvis

Which of the following represents the correct pathway of blood flow through a liver lobule?

hepatic vein, central vein, hepatic sinusoid, hepatic portal vein

central vein, hepatic portal vein, hepatic sinusoid, hepatic vein

hepatic sinusoid, hepatic portal vein, central vein, hepatic vein

hepatic portal vein, hepatic sinusoid, central vein, hepatic vein

hepatic portal vein hepatic sinusoid, hepatic vein, central vein

Bile is produced in the liver:

gall bladder

hepatocytes

hepatic sinusoids

portal triad

bile canaliculi

The pancreas:

has an endocrine portion consisting of acini

has an exocrine portion consisting of pancreatic islets

has the pancreatic duct, which carries digestive enzymes from the pancreas

has the pancreatic duct, which empties into the jejunum

Which of the following structures are NOT matched with the correct description?

cardiac region--the area closest to the small intestine

fundus--the most superior portion of the stomach

pyloric opening--opening from the stomach into the small intestine

body--the largest portion of the stomach

muscular tunic--three layers of muscle tissue

Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?

neutralizes stomach acid and emulsifies fat

produces several digestive enzymes

removes sugar from the blood and stores it as glycogen

synthesizes blood proteinse

converts amino acids to lipids or glucose

Which of the following is NOT a pair of salivary glands?

parotid

submandibular

submucosal

sublingual

minor salivary glands

Hepatic cords are platelike groups of:

hepatocytes

sinusoids

canaliculi

veins

lobules

Which statement concerning salivary glands is true:

the parotid is mixed

the submandibular is composed of serous acini only

mucous cells form demilunes

the parotid is composed of mucous secreting cells

the submandibular is mixed

Which statement about the esophagus is true?

is a cartilaginous tube

contains striatified squamous epithelium for protection

lies anterior to the trachea.the gastroesophageal

sphincter is always closed

secretes digestive enzymes

Why do the striated duct cells look striated?

the basal poles of the cells have microvilli lined with RER

the basal poles of the cells have microvilli lined with mitochondria

the apical poles of the cells have microvilli lined withRER

the apical poles of the cell have microvilli lined with mitochondria

none of these

The parietal (oxyntic) cells of the stomach:

activate enzyme pepsinogen

secrete gastrin and bombesin

are enzyme producing cells

secrete Vitamine B12 intristic factor and hydrochloric acid

contain granules with pepsinogen

Which of the following organs is most essential for proper immune maturation and functioning:

spleen

pituitary

thyroid

thymus

lymph nodes

The thymus produces a hormone, that stimulates the maturation of lymphocytes in other lymphatic organs:

oxytocine

thymosine

calcitonine

estrogen

thymocysteine

All the statements about B-lymphocytes are true EXCEPT:

turn into plasma cells and secrete immunoglobulin

are derived from cell which originate in the bone marrow

are the main cell type in the paracortex of lymph nodes ! no, t-cell

have receptors for antigen on their surface

take part in humoral response

Which statement about lymph node is NOT true:

macrophages

B-lymphocytes

T-lymphocytes

both B- and T-lymphocytes

phagocytes

Activation of T and B-cells usually occurs in:

thyroid

thymus

lymph nodes + spleen

lymph vessels

bone marrow

Developing follicles secrete small amounts of the hormone

progesterone

testosterone

FSH

LH

estrogen

Ovulation occurs in response to __________ secreted by the anterior pituitary gland:

FSH

ACTH

LH

estrogen

erogesterone

Cells of the corpus luteum secrete:

estrogen

progesterone

FSH

LH

estrogen and progesterone

The time between the ending of menses and ovulation is called:

secretory phase

proliferative phase

menstrual phase

hormonal phase

progesterone phase

The uterine layer which is shed with each monthly cycle is:

perimetrium

tunica albuginea

basal layer of endometrium

myometrium

functional layer of endometrium

Which is greater?

the number of primordial follicles at puberty

the number primordial oocytes before birth

the number of primary oocytes before birth

the number of secondary oocytes before birth

the number of primordial follicles at age 40

Which of the following is NOT true of neurons:

they all contact nerve impulse

they are the most abundant cells of nervous tissue

they cannot divide mitotically

they release chemical regulators

they contain Nissl substance

Histology Written 2018 MC

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