AIT
Questions about the lecture 'Advanced Internet Technology' of the RWTH Aachen
Questions about the lecture 'Advanced Internet Technology' of the RWTH Aachen
Set of flashcards Details
| Flashcards | 236 |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Category | Computer Science |
| Level | University |
| Created / Updated | 05.02.2017 / 10.10.2017 |
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What are the characteristics of software defined networking (SDN)? [3]
1. Separate DP and CP
2. One software controls multiple DP elements via well-defined API
3. CP software is run on general purpose hardware (No networking HW)
Which components exist for the SDN paradigm? [2]
1. Smart and slow logically-centralized control
2. Dumb and fast switches
What are the steps of three communication examples regarding SDN? [3]
1. Special program talks to special OS talks to special HW
2. Programs talk to multiple OSs talk to processors
3. Programs talk to CP talk to generic switch
What are the characteristics of the specialized communication example? [4]
1. Vertically integrated
2. Proprietary
3. Slow innovation
4. Small industry
What are the characteristics of the multiple OSs communication example? [4]
1. Horizontal
2. Open interfaces
3. Rapid innovation
4. Huge industry
Name a protocol handling the communication between CP and generic switch?
OpenFlow
What does OpenFlow do? [2]
1. Flow-based control remotely forwarding table of a switch or router
2. Unification of different kinds of boxes
Which kind of boxes are unified by the OpenFlow protocol? [4]
1. Router 2. firewall 3. switch and 4. NAT
What are the packet-handling rules on DP in OpenFlow? [4]
1. Pattern for packet header bits
2. Actions
3. Priority of overlapping paterns
4. Counters of bytes and packets
What are the actions on DP in OpenFlow? [4]
1. Drop
2. Forward
3. Modify
4. Send to controller
What does a controller in OpenFlow do?
Manages instructions in network flows tables // Traffic
What are the header matching rules for arriving packets of a controller in OpenFlow? [2]
1. If entry matches then perform indicated actions
2. Else send to controller with header
What are the components of a flow table entry of a controller in OpenFlow? [3]
1. Rule
2. Action
3. Stats
What are examples for flow table entries of a controller in OpenFlow? [5]
1. Switching
2. Flow switching
3. Firewall
4. Routing
5. VLAN switching
What are the two directions of bidirectional communication in OpenFlow? [2]
1. Event from and 2. command to switches
What are possible events from switches in OpenFlow? [3]
1. Topology changes
2. Traffic stats
3. Arriving packets
What are possible commands to switches in OpenFlow? [3]
1. (Un)install rules
2. Query stats
3. Send packets
What are possible applications of OpenFlow? [8]
1. Dynamic access control
2. Seamless mobility/migration
3. Server load balancing
4. Network virtualization
5. Using multiple wireless access points
6. Energy-efficient networking
7. Adaptive traffic monitoring
8. DoS attack detection
What are the characteristics of OpenFlow in the wild? [4]
1. Open networking foundations
2. Commercial OpenFlow switches
3. Network operating systems
4. Network deployments
How does the realistic network looks like regarding the gateways?
Realistic networks are bundled with middle-boxes at gateways
Name some examples for middle-boxes? [6]
1. Firewall 2. Caching proxy 3. Intrusion detection 4. Load balancer 5. SSL gateway and 6. WLAN optimizer
What are the functions for middle-boxes? [4]
1. Update
2. Vendor interaction
3. Monitoring
4. Training
What are the disadvantage of middle-boxes? [5]
1. Expensive equipment
2. Vendor lock-in
3. Single point of failure
4. All packets are processed
5. Launching new services takes long
What is the concept of network functions virtualization (NFV)? [4]
1. Minimize dependences on HW constraints for more flexible network
2. Introduce SW-based network functions
3. Easy to maintain
4. Decoupling from HW life-cycles
What are the characteristics of the ETSI NFV industry specification group? [3]
1. Launched 11.2012
2. 230 companies
3. 37 major service provider
Name use cases of ETSI NFV? [13]
1. Switches
2. Mobile network nodes
3. Home networks
4. Tunneling gateway elements
5. Traffic analysis
6. Service assurance
7. NGN signaling
8. Application-level optimization
9. Security functions
10. BGP route reflectors
11. NFV in LTE
12. Virtualizing of home environment
13. ErrDapt
What is the up-to-date situation regarding the ETSI NFV use case BGP route reflectors?
On high memory hardware
What should be the next situation regarding the ETSI NFV use case BGP route reflectors?
Move route reflectors into data centers
What would be the benefits of ETSI NFV use case BGP route reflectors? [2]
1. Scalability // RIB
2. Operational responsibilities for critical applications
What is the up-to-date situation regarding the ETSI NFV use case NFV in LTE?
Inflexible network management
What should be the next situation regarding the ETSI NFV use case NFV in LTE?
Virtualize packet core and eNB
What are the characteristics of ClickOS? [5]
1. 5MB Xen-based virtual machine
2. Lego for network architects
3. Boots in 30ms
4. Achieves 10GBps tput on single core
5. Lots of possible middle-boxes
What are the characteristics of open-source reference platform (OPNFV)? [4]
1. Demonstrates core NFV functionality
2. Establish open ecosystem for NFV solutions
3. Industry driven
4. Collaboration with ETSI NFV
What is the purpose of REFLEXES?
Cyber-physical networking as smart production or grids
What are the characteristics of time delay regarding REFLEXES? [7]
1. Latency deteriorates performance
2. From sensors
3. To actuators
4. Over controller
5. Over communication network consists of switches
6. Time between elements (horizontally)
7. Time used by elements (vertically)
What are the principles of REFLEXES? [3]
1. Define coupled deterministic rules for control and communication tasks (So-called reflexes) reducing vertical time
2. Derive simple sub-tasks and return faster reducing horizontal time
3. Forward important information to other elements
