USMLE Step 1: Clinical presentations
Clinical presentations
Clinical presentations
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Lernkarten
Condition:
Osteomalacia/rickets
Common treatment:
Vit D supplementation
Condition:
Patent ductus arteriosus
Common treatment:
Indomethacin
Condition:
Pheochromocytoma
Common treatment:
alpha-antagonists
Condition:
Pneumocystis jiroveci
Common treatment:
TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)
Condition:
Prolactinoma
Common treatment:
Bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
Condition:
Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids
Common treatment:
Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)
Condition:
Prostate carcinoma
Common treatment:
Flutamide
Condition:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Common treatment:
Antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside
Condition:
Pulmonary hypertension
Common treatment:
Bosentan
Condition:
Rickettsia rickettsii
Common treatment:
Tetracycline, chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia)
Condition:
Ringworm infections
Common treatment:
Terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole
Condition:
Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
Common treatment:
5-HT2A antagonists (e.g. olanzapine)
Condition:
Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
Common treatment:
D2 receptor antagonists
Condition:
SIADH
Common treatment:
Demeclocycline, lithium
Condition:
Sickle cell anemia
Common treatment:
Hydroxyurea (increased HbF)
Condition:
Sporothrix schenckii
Common treatment:
Oral KI
Condition:
Stable angina
Common treatment:
Sublingual nitroglycerin
Condition:
Staphylococcus aureus
Common treatment:
Methicillin/naficillin
Condition:
Streptococcus bovis
Common treatment:
Penicillin prophylaxis
Condition:
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Common treatment:
Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)
Condition:
Streptococcus pyogenes
Common treatment:
Penicillin prophylaxis
Condition:
Temporal arteritis
Common treatment:
High-dose steroids
Condition:
Tonic-clonic seizures
Common treatment:
Phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
Condition:
Toxoplasma gondii
Common treatment:
Sulfonamide + pyrimethamine
Condition:
Treponema pallidum
Common treatment:
Penicillin
Condition:
Trichomonas vaginalis
Common treatment:
Metronidazole (patient and partner)
Condition:
Ulcerative colitis
Common treatment:
5-ASA, infliximab
Condition:
UTI prophylaxis
Common treatment:
TMP-SMX
Condition:
Warfarin toxicity
Common treatment:
Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)
Condition:
Wegener's granulomatosis
Common treatment:
Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids
Disease/finding:
Actinic (solar) keratosis
Most common/important associations:
Precursor to squamous cell carcinoma
Disease/finding:
Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury
Most common/important associations:
Cushing's ulcer (increased ICP stimulates vagal gastric secretion)
Disease/finding:
Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns
Most common/important associations:
Curling's ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa)
Disease/finding:
Alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon
Most common/important associations:
Skip lesions (Crohn's disease)
Disease/finding:
Aneurysm, dissecting
Most common/important associations:
Hypertension
Disease/finding:
Aortic aneurysm, abdominal and descending aorta
Most common/important associations:
Atherosclerosis
Disease/finding:
Aortic aneurysm, ascending
Most common/important associations:
Marfan's syndrome (idiopathic cystic medial degeneration)
Disease/finding:
Atrophy of the mammillary bodies
Most common/important associations:
Wernicke's encephalopathy (thiamine deficiency causing ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, and confusion)
Disease/finding:
Autosplenectomy (fibrosis and shrinkage)
Most common/important associations:
Sickle cell anemia (HbS)
Disease/finding:
Bacteria associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and stomach cancer
Most common/important associations:
H.pylori
