Radio Navigation

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L. W.

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L. W.

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Diese Lernkarten erklären Grundlagen der Funknavigation für Anfänger, darunter VOR-, NDB- und ADF-Systeme sowie deren Komponenten wie Antennen und Frequenzen. Sie beschreiben Funktionsweisen, Störungen und physikalische Phänomene wie Reflexion oder Doppler-Effekt. Ideal für Schüler, um Basiswissen für Flugnavigation oder Funktechnik zu erwerben.

Cartes-fiches

484

Utilisateurs

Langue

Allemand

Catégorie

Géographie

Niveau

École primaire

Créé / Mis à jour

19.11.2014 / 22.03.2026

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En route sind was für NDB?

Long Range (more than 50NM), LF band, N0N and A1A

Locators?

Final approach, 10-25 NM, N0N A2A

Jolding, Approach, En-route NDB

low power => up to 50 NM, 200W, N0N A2A

Range over Water and land (NDB)?

Range over water = 3x \( {\sqrt{Power} } \)

Range over land = 2x \( {\sqrt{Power} } \)

==> for the range to be doubled, the transmitting power must be multipled by 4

NDB transmits a signal pattern in the horizontal plane which is:

omnidirectional

Concerning ADF and NDB ?

NDB is a ground equipment and ADF is an airborne equipment

the ADF indication in the cockpit is a:

relative bearing on a fixed card indicator

What actually happens in the ADF receiver when the BFO position is selected?

The BFO circuit imposes a tone onto the carrier wave to make the NDB's ident audible

With regard to the monitoring of a VOR. The monitor will remove the identification or switch off the VOR transmitter if there is a change of measured bearing greater than

1 Grad

If an aircraft flies along a VOR radial it will follow a

great circle track

Two aircraft are located on the ame radial but at (arbirary) different distances from a VOR station. Which statement is true?

At a certain moment of time, both the phase of the reference signals and of the variable signals are unequal for both aircraft

At a certain moment of time the phase of the reference signals is equal and the phase of variable signals is unequal fr both aircraft

At a certain moment of time, both the phase of the reference signals and of the variable signals are unequal for both aircraft

At a certain moment of time the phase of the reference signals is equal and the phase of variable signals is unequal fr both aircraft

Two aircraft are located on (arbitrary) different radials bu at equal distances from a VOR-station. Which statement is true?

At a certain moment of time the phase of the reference signals is equal and the phase of variable signals is unequal fr both aircraft

At a certain moment of time, both the phase of the reference signals and of the variable signals are unequal for both aircraft

At a certain moment of time the phase of the reference signals is equal and the phase of variable signals is unequal fr both aircraft

At a certain moment of time, both the phase of the reference signals and of the variable signals are unequal for both aircraft

Which of the following statements concerning the variable, or directional, signal of a conventional VOR is correct

The rotation of the variable signal at a rate of 30 times per second gives it the characteristics of a 30 Hz amplitude modulation

The receiver adds 30 Hz to the variable signal before combining it with the reference signal

The rotation of the variable signal at a rate of 30 times per second gives it the characteristics of a 30 Hz amplitude modulation

The receiver adds 30 Hz to the variable signal before combining it with the reference signal

VOR kann gestört werden durch?

a) interference from other transmitters

b) scalopping

c) uneven propagation over irregular ground surfaces

==> Failure of teh VOR station to stay within required limits can cause removal of identification and the navigation components from the carrier wave to cease

The principle used in VOR bearing measurement is:

measures the phase difference

Doppler VOR ?n

The REF signal of the DVOR is amplitude modulated, while she VAR (bearing) signal is frequency modulated => the doppler effect is created by letting the VAR signal be electronically rotated => this results in an effective FM of 30 Hz

==> the Doppler effect us used to create a signal which is received by the aircraft's VOR-receiver as a frequency modulated signal

1. freuquency TVOR (Terminal VOR/ILS):

2. freuquency (en-route VORs):

3. communications:

1. freuquency TVOR (Terminal VOR/ILS): 108 - 111.975 MHz

2. freuquency (en-route VORs): 112-117.975 MHz

3. communications: 118-136 MHz

The three main components of VOR airborne equipment are:

receiver, antenna, display

TVOR?

VOR with a limited range used in the terminal area

The identication of a FROM/TO indicator of a CDI will shift from TO/FROM (and vice versa) when the value difference between the selected course and teh measured radial passes ......... in either direction

090

Lichtgeschwindigkeit

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

300'000 km pro Sekunde

3 Elektromagnetische Wellen

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

1. Groundwaves 2.Skywaves 3. Spacewaves

Bodenwelle

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

LF: Ca. 2'000 bis 3000 km MF, ein par hundert km

Skywaves

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

gehen in den Himmel und werden von der ionisierten Schicht reflektiert

spacewaves

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

gehen in die ionisierte Schicht, werden jedoch nicht reflektiert

Skip Zone

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

Tote Zone, rund um die Sendestation ==> Ausdehnung vom Ende der Bodenwelle bis die erste Rauwelle (skywaves) eintreffen

Skip Distanz

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

Hier treffen die ersten Skywaves ein

Wellenlänge (Landa)

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

Lichtgeschwindigkeit (300'000 km/s ) / f !! wenn km/s dann in kHz rechnen!!

je kleiner die Frequenz, desto

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

weiter kommt sie

1 kHz in Hz

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

1000 Hz

1 MHz in Hz

1'000'000 Hz

Frequenz

Anzahl Schwingungen pro Sekunde (Hertz)

3 Arten eine Information auf eine Welle zu bringen

1. Rhythmus Unterbrechen (Morsen) 2. Amplitudenmodulation (AM) => Aufschlag Amplitude vertikal 3. Frequenzmodulation FM => Länge des Ausschlages horizontal

VDF

VHF Direction Finder

VHF

Very high Frequency

Aufgaben VDF

Erfragen einer Standlinie ==> request QDM, Transit for bearing 2. Überwachung des Verkehrs

Funktion VDF

RTF Signal vom Flugzeug wird von der Bodenstation über eine richtungsempfindliche Antenne (kreisförmig Dipole) empfangen und das Peilresultat angezeigt. Könne auch QDR und QTE abgelesen werden

RTF

Radiotelefonie

VDF Frequenzbereich

118.0 - 136.975 MHz über VHF COM

QDR

Kurs Rücken

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Cartes-fiches

1. freuquency TVOR (Terminal VOR/ILS):

2. freuquency (en-route VORs):

3. communications:

1. freuquency TVOR (Terminal VOR/ILS): 108 - 111.975 MHz

2. freuquency (en-route VORs): 112-117.975 MHz

3. communications: 118-136 MHz

The three main components of VOR airborne equipment are:

receiver, antenna, display

TVOR?

VOR with a limited range used in the terminal area

090

Étudier

Radio Navigation

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