Physio Final Exam

Human Body

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This flashcard set covers advanced topics in human physiology, tailored for university-level students. It delves into the intricacies of the cardiovascular system, focusing on blood pressure, heart function, and blood flow dynamics. Additionally, it explores muscle physiology, including skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle mechanics, as well as hormonal regulation and endocrine functions. Medical students and professionals will find this set invaluable for understanding complex physiological processes and preparing for exams.

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451

Utilisateurs

Langue

Anglais

Catégorie

Médecine

Niveau

Université

Créé / Mis à jour

23.11.2016 / 25.08.2019

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Olfactory receptor cells belong to which of the following groups of cells?

a. Multipolarneurons

b. Pseudounipolar neurons

c. Modifie epithelial cells

d. Bipolar neurons

Which of the following statement regarding the transmission of tast information from the tongue to the cerebral cortex is correct?

a. The nerve fibers carryng taste information from the tounge have no synapse in the brain stem.

b. The majority of thalamic neurons in the taste pathway synapse in the occipital

c. The thalamic nucleus involved in the taste pathway is the dosal medial nucleus

d. The nerve fibers carrying taste information from the tongue have no synapse in the solitary nucleus.

When parallel rays through a concave lens, which of the following occurs?

a. They diverge away from each other

b. They converge away from each other

c. They refract to one focal point

d. They maintain their parallel relationship

7. Rods :

a. are more numerous in retina

b. are located in fovea

c. are responsible for coloured vision

d. all above are false

6. When the size of the secondary receptive field is big, the sensitivity of an area to a stimulus is

a. big

b. small

c. the same when the size is small

D. all above are

5. During accommodation to near vision lens :

a. is rounded

b. cilliary muscle is relaxed

c. zonulas are relaxed

D. A and C

4. Presbyopia is :

a. the loose of accommodation

b.corrected with a convex lenses

c. corrected with a concave lenses

d. a and b

3. Occipital lobe processes :

a. visual information

b. hearing

c. taste

d.smell

2. what kind of information is not routed the thalamus

A. Vision

B. Hearing

C. Olfactory

D. Somatic senses

1. what kind of stimuli doesn't reach conscious :

A. Equilibrium

B. Proprioception

C. Taste

D. Muscle length

2. The Blood brain barrier is:

a) an anatomical barrier between bloodstream and cerebrospinal fluid

b) an anatomical barrier between bloodstream and interstitial fluid of the CNS

c) functional barrier between bloodstream and cerebrospinal fluid

d) functional barrier between bloodstream and interstitial fluid of the CNS

3.The blood-brain barrier allows the passage of:

a)proteins

b) glucose

c)polysaccharides

d)lipids

e)oxygen

7. Pain due to external stimulus, recognized by CNS is called:

a)proprioception

b)exteroception

c)interoception

d)normoception

Which of the following reflexes best describes incoming pain signals that elicit movement performed by antagonistic muscle groups on either side of the body?

a. Autogenic inhibition

b. Reciprocal inhibition

c. Crossed extensor reflex

d. Flexion reflex

In addition to influencing the function of muscles, the corticospinal system regulates movement by its involvement with which of the following?

a. The spinal reflex circuits, such as those involved in stretch reflex

b. Vestibule–ocular reflex

c. Memory circuits in the hippocampus

d. Control of pain processing in the intralaminar thalamic nuclei

7. Destruction of which of the following centers of hypothalamus....... eating and obesity?

A. Lateral nuclei of the hypothalamus

B. Ventromedial nuclei of the hypothalamus

C. Supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus

D. Neuropeptide Y and agouli-related peptide neurons of the arcuate n....

6. Which of the following homrones is released from adipose tissue and serves as a feedback mechanism to signal to the brain that there is increased energy sto.... increased adipose tissue)?

A. Leptin

B. Neuropeptide Y

C. Cholecystokinin

D. Insulin

5. After eating a meal containing a large amount of fat which of the following .... tends to cause a feeling of saticty?

A. Increased release of cholecystokinin

B. Increased levels of neupeptide Y

C. Increased secretion of ghrelin by stomach

D. Decreased secretion of leptin

14. In normal ECG P wave is positive in leads:

A. I, II

B. aVR

C. A and B are true

15. S-T segment is usually isoelectric, but may vary up.....

A. +1 mm in standard leads

B. +2 mm in leads V1 - V3

C. A and B are true

The "all or no" law of nerve fibers states that:

a. the impulse initiated by a strong stimulus is conducted more rapidly than the impulse initiated by weak stimulus

b. the impulse initiated by a strong stimulus is stronger than the impulse initiated by a weaker stimulus

c. the stimulus that just exceeds the threshold for excitation of nerve produces an impulse twice as strong as a stimulus itself

d. all statements are false

tiffenau index is

a. decreased in pulmonary obstructive disease

b. decreased in restrictive diseases

c. a ratio of forced inspiratory volume to vital capacity

d. all before mentioned answers are correct

The stroke volume is influenced by

a. Fluid load

b. Left ventricle contractility

c. Inotropic stimulation

d. All answers are correct

The following heart valve can be auscultated in the second intercostal space of the sternum

a. Mitral valve

b. Tricuspid valve

c. Aortic valve – if its on the right side

d. Pulmonary valve – on the left side

Autoregulation in circulatory system is based upon stabilization of

a. Blood pressure at unchanged vessel resistance

b. Vessel resistance at unchanged blood pressure

c. Blood flow at variable blood pressure

d. Blood flow at constant vessle resistance

Bezold-Jarisch reflex

a. Cause increase in heart rate and enhance constriction of the blood vessels

b. Slows down heart rate and cause relaxation of the blood vessel walls

c. In some circumstances may induce vasovagal collapse

d. Answers b and c are correct

Normal electrocardiographic records shows

a. Positive P wave in aVR

b. Negative T wave and positive P wave in aVR

c. Always negative P and T wave in aVR

d. In some special circumstances P wave can be positive in aVR

49. Knee reflex is:

a. Conditional reaction

b. unconditional reaction

c. elicited to evaluate the function of lumbar part of spinal cord

d. b and c are correct

53. Impairment of knee reflex is most frequently caused by:

a. damage of tendon receptors

b. damage of interneuronal transmission on the level of spinal cord

c. skeletal muscle damage

d. damage of afferent nervous pathway

54. Impairment of knee reflex can be caused by:

a. electrolyte imbalance

b. hypothyroidism

c. hyperthyroidism

50. Babinski reflex is elicited from the elbow. Babinski reflect.... tracts.

a. statement 1 is correct, statement 2 is false

b. both statement are false

c. statement 1 is false, statement 2 is correct (its suppose to tract nerve to the sole)

d. both statements are correct

57. According to monro-kelly rule, the intracranial pressure is determined by:

a. the volume of blood in brain vessels

b. the volume of brain tissue, the volume of cerebrospinal fluid and the volume of blood vessels

c. the volume of blood in brain vessels and volume of cerebrospinal fluid

d. none of the above-mentioned anwers is correct

58. lungs are big vascular area, in which endothelial cells show a strong meta.... Point at correct anwer:

a. aldosterone and cortisol are degraded in vasculature of lungs

b. angiotensin II is formed in lung vasculature

c. endothelial cells of lungs produce prostacycline

d. answer b and c are correct

59. which of the below mentioned functions of alimentary tract is influenced by neurons of the Brain stem:

a. vomitus

b. swallowing and saliva secretion

c. emptying of stomach and saliva secretion

d. all before-mentioned answers are correct

which of the below statements about ergoreceptors is false:

a. ergoreceptors are located in tendons and subcutaneous tissue

b. ergoreceptors stimulate respiratory center in brain stem

c. ergoreceptors play a role in response of circulatory and respiratory system to strenous...

d. ergoreceptors send off enhanced impulsation to brain stem during riding a bike

60. the sudden increase in catecholamines secretion by medulla of adrenal glands:

A stimulation of beta receptor in mucous membrane of bronchi and further bronchial restriction

B stimulation of beta receptor in mucous membrane of bronchi and further bronchial relaxation

C stimulation of beta receptor in mucous membrane of brocnhi and further bronchial relaxation and air flow through bronchial tree

D stimulation of alpha receptor in mucous membrane of bronchi and further bronchial relaxation

Which of the following statements about enterokinase is true:

a. enterokinase is a hormone produced by mucous membrane of oral cavity and participate in degradation of starch

b. enterokinase is an enzyme produced by G cells

c. enterokinase is an enzyme produced by mucous membrane of small intestine, which activate pancreatic enzyme

d. enterokinase stimulates contraction of gallbladder

Lysozyme is produced by secretory cells in small intestine and salivary glands in oral cavity, it contributes to immunological nonspecific defense system and digestion of carbohydrates

a. the former statement is true, the latter statement is false

b. both statement are true

c. the former statement is false, the latter statement is true

d. both statements are false

Electro-mechanical coupling is not related to:

a. generation of effective ventricular stroke volume

b. intestinal peristaltic electrical activity

c. transformation of electrical impulse into mechanical contraction of myocardial muscle

d. none of the before mentioned answers is correct

25. Which of the following statements about sleep is correct?

A. heart rate and respiratory rate are typically normalized

B. individuals rarely awake spontaneously

C. although fast-wave sleep is frequently characteristic of a “dreamless sleep,” most dreaming takes place at this time

D. muscle tone throughout the body is markedly suppressed during this time

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