Microbiology TEST 1
Microbiology 4th Semester
Microbiology 4th Semester
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Flashcards
Bacillus cereus has two enterotoxins name them
- diarrheal form - heat-labile
- emetic form - heat-stable
Bacillus cereus emetic form of enterotoxin is heat-stable name the complication
- emetic form causes the vomiting disease
- it is a intoxication, enterotoxin ingested with food, not by ingesting bacteria
- emetic form of disease usually due to ingestion of contaminated RICE
- cooking doesnt destroy spores, rather it causes germination and multiplication of bateria
- rice after cooking must be refrigerated to kill bacteria, reheating doesnt kill it either
Bacillus cereus emetic form also known as
vomiting disease
Bacillus cereus diarrheal form also known as
diarrheal disease
Bacillus cereus emetic form is
Bacillus cereus diarrheal form of enterotoxin is
Bacillus cereus causes ocular infections due to ?
usually after traumatic penetrating injuries of the eye with soil-contaminated object
three toxins are responsible:
- phospholipase C
- necrotic toxin
- cereolysin
Bacillus cereus causes
Does Bacillus cereus have a capsule?
Clostridia are
Clostridium botulinum
Clostridium botulinum causes
- release of neurotoxin
- blocks the release of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction
- blocking neurotransmission at peripheral cholinergic synpases
- causing flaccid paralysis = keine muscel spannung vorhanden
Clostridium Botulinum is found
Infection with clostridium botulinum is caused by four forms
- Food-borne - or CLASSIC botulism
- Wound Botulism
- Infant botulism
- Inhalation Botulism
We get infected with Clostridia by their
SPORES !!!!!
Food-borne or CLASSIC Botulism causes four symptoms staring with D name them
- dysphagia - difficulty to swallow
- dyplopia - double vision
- dysarthria - difficulty finding word
- dysphonia - difficulty intoning words
Food-borne or CLASSIC Botulism is caused by intoxication or toxin production in vivo ?
intoxication (only in adults!!)
Infant Botulism causes
Infant botulism is different to classic botulism in that
it is NOT an intoxication, the clostridium botulinum spores are ingested and germinate
then bacteria multiply in intestine and release neurotoxin from this side!
Thus : infection caused by production of toxin in vivo
Infant botulism is caused due to eating
spore- contaminated honey and infant milk powder
Wound Botulism caused by clostridium botulinum
Inhalation Botulism is associated with
bio-terrorism
Inhalation botulism does it occur naturally or not ?
it does not occur naturally, rather used by bioterrorism
Clostridium botulinum can be used as a medication for what ?
Clostridium tetani causes
tetanus
Clostridium tetani spores are commonly found in
clostridium tetani spore look specific,
round, terminal spores - look like a drumstick
Clostridium tetani produces two toxins
- tetanolysin (O2-labile)
- tetanospasmin (neurotoxin)
Tetanospamin the neurotoxin from clostridium tetani is when produced
Clostridium tetani enters host by
Clostridium tetani neurotoxin the Tetanospasmin is released from cell when lysed what is its effect ?
- moves from peripheral nerve terminals to central nervous system via retrograde
- acts by blocking the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters (GABA)
- causing spastic paralysis
Clostridium tetani causes tetanus what are the symptoms
- generalized tetanus
- localized tetanus
- neonatal tetanus
Complications of tetanus are ?
called fulminant colitis
Incubation time in clostridium tetani compared to clostridium botulinum
Clostridium Perfringes is
Clostridium perfringes causes exogenous infection what are the characterisitcs ?
Clostridium perfringes causes endogenous infection what are the characterisitcs ?
Endogenous infection in clostridium perfringes causes?
gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis is caused by clostridium perfringes name its characteristics:
Gastroenteritis is caused by clostridium perfringes due to food-poisoning of
