skin infection of streptococcus pyogenes are transmitted by: erysipelas cellulitis pyoderma necrotising fasciits folliculitis bullous impetigo

direct & direct contact with infected person or fomites & organism introduced to deep or superficial scratch,cut

Microbiology TEST 1

Microbiology 4th Semester

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This flashcard set delves into university-level microbiology, focusing on infections, bacteria like streptococcus and staphylococcus, and their role in diseases. It covers virulence factors, cell structures, and clinical presentations, benefiting medical students and professionals seeking to understand bacterial infections and their impact on health.

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Streptococcus pyogenes has 6 extracellular strucutres name them:

streptokinase - plasminogen>plasmin>fibrinogen>fibrin>lysing fibrin clots> rapid spread of S.pyogenes
superantigens (PSE -pyrogenic streptococcal exotoxin) - A,B,C & F - secreting excessively cytokines
streptolysin O - oxygen-labile > lyses RBC, Leukocytes & platelets
Streptolysin S - O2-stabile > lyses RBC, Leukocytes & platelets
Hyaluronidase
Fibronectin-binding proteins

streptococcus pyogenes has 5 enzymes helping to cause direct invasion name them:

streptolysin O - oxygen-labile > lyses RBC, Leukocytes & platelets> is antigenic
Streptolysin S - O2-stabile > lyses RBC, Leukocytes & platelets > is not antigenic
Hyaluronidase
Fibronectin-binding proteins
streptokinase - plasminogen>plasmin>fibrinogen>fibrin>lysing fibrin clots> rapid spread of S.pyogenes

Streptococcus Pyogenes can be

asymptomatic

symptomatic

asymptomatic and symptomatic

dependent on immunity against M-protein

independent on immunity against M-protein

Transmission of Streptococcus Pyogenes is

person-to-person through respiratory droplet

crowding,class-room, day-care facilitations

direct

close contact

swimming areas

most common diseases of streptococcus pyogenes in children

pharyngitis

enterocolitis

strep throat

sore throat

Streptococcus Pyogenes is susceptible to DRYING true or false?

YES it is susceptible to DRYING

NO it is not susceptible to DRYING

Streptococcal pharyngitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes causes?

high fever

cervical lymphadenopathy

exudate on posterior pharynx/tonsil

abrupt onset of sore throat

develops after 4-5 days to exposure of pathogen

What is the Complication of streptococcal pharyngitis caused by streptococcus pyogenes

Scarlet fever:

due to superantigen - PSE = pyrogenic streptococcal exotoxin
within 1-2 days after initial clinical symptoms of pharyngitis develop, a diffuse erythematous rash initially appaers on UPPER CHEST & SPREADS to EXTREMITIES

Scarlet fever appears by infection of streptococcus pyogenes what are its characteristic symptoms?

erythematous rash on Upper Chest and spread to extremities

area around mouth, palms and soles are not affected

strawberry tongue

rash disappears after 5-7 days followed by desquamation of superficial skin layer

severe headache

Strawberry tongue appears in streptococcus pyogene, its characteristic for Scarlet fever and discribed:

first a whit coat on tongue

later red,raw surface on tongue

first a greenish coat on tongue

later red,soft surface on tongue

Streptococcus pyogenes has the enzyme Streptolysin S that

is oxygen-stabile

is oxygen-labile

can release lysosomal contents, to kill phagocytic cell

is not antigenic

is antigenic

Invasive or suppurative diseases of streptococcus pyogenes are:

suppurative diseases - pus forming diseases

Skin and mucous membrane infection

necrotising fasciitis

scarlet fever

TSS

Erysipelas

Skin infection in streptococcus pyogenes are:

necrotising fasciitis

erysipelas

cellulitis

pyoderma

bullous impetigo

skin infection of streptococcus pyogenes are transmitted by:

erysipelas
cellulitis
pyoderma
necrotising fasciits
folliculitis
bullous impetigo

direct

indirect

direct contact with infected person or fomites

direct contact through respiratory droplets

organism introduced to deep or superficial scratch,cut

pyoderma in streptococcus pyogenes:

mainly in children with poor personal hygiene in moist,warm months

raised, bright rash on face and legs

pustules on face and extremities

rupture after 4-6 days cause crust-formation and depigmented skin

systemic signs

Erysipelas is a skin infection of streptococcus pyogenes

systemic signs

raised, bright red rash on face and legs

acute infection in children and older adults

lymph node enlargement, localized pain and inflammation

not acute infection in children and older adults

necrotising fasciitis is a remarkable invasive/acute infection of soft tissue caused by streptococcus pyogenes:

deep subcutaneous infection

due to break of skin (trauma, minor cut etc.)

invades the fascia - lies btw subcutaneous and muscle

systemic symptoms - leading to death

is harmless to host

necrotising fasciitis is a remarkable invasive/acute infection of soft tissue caused by streptococcus pyogenes and is also named:

flesh-eating bacteria

Necrotising fasciitis caused by streptococcus pyogenes can lead to toxicity, multiorgan failure and death is that true or false?

true

false

Toxic shock syndrom in streptococcus pyogenes is different to staphylococcus aureus TSS why?

patient may have necrotising fasciitis

patient is bacteremic

1st soft-tissue inflammation at site of infection

patient used tampon

caused by toxin - PSE

Toxic shock syndrom differences btw streptococcus pyogenes and staphylococcus aureus

staphylococcus aureus:

is caused by superantigen: TSST-1
due to use of tampon when left in place for long time
in vagina or wound

streptococcus pyogenes:

is caused by superantigen: PSE -pyrogenic streptococcal exotoxin
patient may have necrotising fasciitis
patient has bacteremia
introduction due to break in skin
increased risk for immunosuppressed patients

ARF and RHD stands for what disease in streptococcus pyogenes?

ARF - Acute Rheumatic Fever - causes inflammatory lesions in joints, especially heart, blood, connective tissue etc

RHD - Rheumatic Heart Disease - is a reaction with antibodies actually thought for antigenes of streptococcus pyogenes but also cross-react with antigenes of the HEART causing rheumatic fever

Name the 2 antibody-mediated or non-suppurative diseases of streptococcus pyogenes:

Rheumatic fever

Acute Glomerulonephritis

ARF

RHD

Scarlet Fever

Rheumatic fever in streptococcus pyogenes:

is caused by untreated streptococcus pharyngitis

usually in young school-aged 4-15

is antibody-mediated disease

is not antibody-mediated disease

has 6 manifestations of symptoms

Rheumatic fever in streptococcus pyogenes 6 manifestations are ?

fever
chorea
joint sweling (arthritis)
myocarditis
subcutaneous nodules
erythema marginatum

Rheumatic fever is caused by streptococcus pyogenes explain the reason why it is antibody-mediated disease ?

- ß-hemolytic streptococci pyogenes (GAS) have similar antigenes to that of the hearts antigenes

- therefore when antibodies released to attack streptococcus pyogenes, the also cross-react with antigenes of the heart

- causin inflammatory myocarditis

- and chronic progressive damage to the heart valves especially the mitral and aortic valve

Acute Glomerulo-nephritis is caused by streptococcus pyogenes:

by nephritogenic strains of streptococcus group A

causes hematuria

hypertension

acute inflammation of glomeruli of kidney with edema

acute inflammation of gallbladder

Acute Glomerulo-nephritis is caused by streptococcus pygoenes (GAS) is it antibody-mediated disease/nonsuppurative ?

yes

The sequela of Acute Glomerulo-nephritis is caused by streptococcus pygoenes (GAS) through ?

sequela - spätfolge / Folgeerscheinung

pharyngitis

skin infections

eye infections

" sequela" means?

spätfolge / Folgeerscheinung

Streptococcous AGALACTIAE is

alpha- hemolytic

beta- hemolytic

gamma - hemolytic

Lancefield Group B

Lancefield Group A

Streptococcus agalactiae causes severe diseases in NEONATES

pneumonia

septicemia

meningitis

bone and joint infection

skin and soft tissue infections

Streptococcus AGALACTIAE has specific virulence factors name them:

HINT - name three

polysaccharide capsule - antiphagocytic
glycocalyx and pilli - adhesion
Glycosyl-transferase - invasion of blood-brain barrier

To remember : PGGP

Streptococcus AGALACTIAE is part of natural flora and colonize the :

lower gastrointestinal tract
genitourinary tract

Staphylococcus Agalactiae colonization with supsequent development of disease in the neonate can occur:

in utero
during birth
during first months of life

Streptococcus agalactiae causes disease in woman

directly after pregnancy

during pregnancy

a month after pregnancy

Streptococcus agalactiae causes disease in pregnant woman:

postpartum endometritis

urinary tract infection

wound infection

skin and soft tissue infection

pneumonia

Streptococcus Agalactiae causes in general in adults what type of diseases?

pneumonia in immunosuppressed patients

UTI

septicemia

endocarditis

joint and bone infection

Streptococcus Agalactiae causes in general in adults what type of diseases?

NAme: 7

postpartum endometritis
Urinary tract infection
pneumonia in immunosuppressed patients
bone and joint infections
soft tissue infections
septicemia
endocarditis

Streptococcus pneumonia is

diplococci

coccobacillus

rod

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