Key Words in the Media
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Cartes-fiches
U.K. social welfare number of people on welfare: the number of people who are unemployed and claiming money from the government
dole queue (plural dole queues) (noun) [C]
the money that the government gives to people who are unemployed
the dole (noun) [S] UK INFORMAL
jobseeker's allowance
unemployment (jobless) benefit UK (noun) [U] (US unemployment benefits)
in the UK, money that the government pays to unemployed people who are looking for a job
jobseeker's allowance (noun) [U]
to reduce services, jobs, payments greatly or completely without warning or in a single action
axe (REDUCE), US ALSO ax (verb) [T]
having lost your job because your employer no longer needs you
redundant (adj) UK / voluntary, compulsory redundancies (collocations)
1 [C often plural] when someone stops employing someone, sometimes temporarily, because there is no money to pay them or because there is no work for them / 2 [C usually singular] a period when someone is not working
lay off (verb) / massive layoffs, mass layoffs (collocations)
to remove someone from their job, either because they have done something wrong or badly, or as a way of saving the cost of employing them
fire (verb) [T]
to dismiss someone from a job, usually because they have done something wrong or badly, or sometimes as a way of saving the cost of employing them
sack (verb) [T]
to remove someone from their job, espe- cially because they have done something wrong
dismiss (verb) [T often passive]
a person who tries to persuade someone to leave their job by offering them another job with more pay and a higher position / to persuade someone to leave their job by offering them another job with more pay and a higher position
headhunter (noun) [C]
an advantage or benefit, such as money or goods, which you are given because of your job
perk (noun) [C] INFORMAL
something that you get because of your job which is additional to your pay but is not in the form of money
fringe benefit (noun) [C usually plural]
someone who regularly travels between work and home
commuter (noun) [C]
to make the same journey regularly between work and home.
commute (verb) [I]
of, pertaining to, or during the workday, esp. the hours from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. when offices are characteristically open for business
nine-to-five (adjective) informal
to steal from shops and houses
loot (verb) [I or T] (usually of large numbers of people during a violent event)
a noisy, violent, and uncontrolled public gathering / to take part in a ...
riot (noun) [C] riot (verb) [I]
to fight or argue
clash (verb) [I usually + adverb or preposition]
disagreements or fighting between different groups of people
unrest (noun) [U]
the giving of control of or responsibility for something to someone else
handover (noun) [U]
a person who is not a member of the police or the armed forces
civilian (noun) [C]
the control of a city, country, etc. by an army instead of by its usual leaders
martial law (noun) [U]
a person who talks to opposing sides, especially governments, making arrangements for them or bringing to an end disagreements
broker (noun) [C]
start again after stopping temporarily
resume (talks) (verbal phrase)
officially stop something for a short time
suspend (talks) (verbal phrase)
indirect discussions between two or more countries, in which someone travels between the different countries, talking to the governments involved, carrying messages and suggesting ways of dealing with problems
shuttle diplomacy (noun) [U]
a brief interruption in a war or argument, or an agreement to stop fighting or arguing for a period of time
truce (noun) [C] (collocations: hold / break)
an agreement, usually between two armies, to stop fighting to allow discussions about peace
ceasefire (noun) [C usual- ly singular] (collocations: hold / break)
tired of war
war-weary (adjective)
a person who has escaped from their own country for political, religious or economic reasons or because of a war
refugee (noun) [C]
when someone does something extremely violent and shocking
atrocity (noun) [C or U]
severely damaged by a long war, especially between different groups from the same country
war-torn (adjective)
during a war, the unintentional deaths and injuries of people who are not soldiers, and damage that is caused to their homes, hospitals, schools, etc.
collateral damage (noun) [U]
during a war, shooting that is hitting you from your own side, not from the enemy
friendly fire (noun) [U]
injure
wound (verb) [T]
to force someone to experience something very unpleasant
inflict (verb) [T]
a person injured or killed in a serious accident or war
casualty (noun) [C] (collocations: heavy / inflict / civilian)
to fight a war or organize a series of activities in order to achieve something
wage (verb) [T]
a situation in which agreement in an argument does not seem possible; stalemate
standoff (noun) [C]
