Human Performance
T1-Human Performance
T1-Human Performance
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Cartes-fiches
The Peripheral Nervous System passes information from the...
sensory inputs to the CNS through sensory and motor nerves
The Parasympathetic System...
Prolongs the body's mobilisation to give it time to find a solution and to restore the body when the perceived danger has passed
What significance does Henrys Law have in flying ?
Decompression sickness
Where is balance information processed?
The cerebellum
Above what height is there considered to be insufficient oxygen to maintain adequate cerebral function?
10'000 ft
What is total lung capacity of a human considered to be?
6l
What is the agreed comfort level for relative humidity?
40 - 60 %
What is acetylcholine
A neurotransmitter which is electrochemical
What separates the 2 sides of the heart?
Septum
hypotension
Low blood pressure likely resulting from shock
Ozone poisoning
hammering headaches, burning eyes, exhaustion, a sensation of dryness and irritation of the respiratory
inflight humidity
5-10% => to the lower temperature at higher altitudes
normal temperature for a human body without protection
+ 2 bis + 40 Grad => high temperature requires more O2 and at low temperature less O2
Physological altitude
the altitude with the same oxygen partial pressure, which is found in the ambient air
Cosmic radiation two sources => An den Polen am stärksten
1. the sun is a comparatively low energy source of cosmic radiation => solar winds = polar lights are a visible consequence
2. the second highly energetic source of cosmic radiation is teh cosmos itself => towards the poles
Boyle Mariot
Volumen deht sich aus => a gas inversely proportional to its pressure => temp. remains constant
=> RGE = V High = p low / p high
=> Barotrauma
Why moist gas expands more easily?
Because in case of moist gas teh vapout pressure hast to be subtracted
Henry's Law
p1/p2 = Q1/Q2 ==> teh quantity of a gas dissolved in a liquid is proportional to the pressure above the liquid ==> pressure decreases rapidly , gas bubbles develop ==> Decompression sickness
Fick's law
molecules always moves from the higher towards the lower pressure ==> CO2 will always eb higher in the body => oxygen will diffuse from the lung to the cells and co2 will take the opposite direction
Ebullism
Release of body fluids, especially nitrogen ==> versteht man die durch schnellen Druckabfall bedingte Freisetzung von in den Körperflüssigkeiten gelösten Gasen (vor allem Stickstoff) in Blut und Gewebe[1]. Ebullismus ist die Ursache für die Dekompressions
Standard Volumen normales Atmen
2.5 Liter
3 factors which influences the regulation of teh respiration
CO2 sensoren, O2 and ph Wert
wie viel Blut im Körper
5-6 l
Oxygen binding capacity
in 10'000 - 12'000 ft an oxygen saturation of ca. 90 % of the Hb is normal ==> after rapidly decrease of oxygen saturation of the blood with zunehemnder Höher
Aorta fliesst wohin
vom Herzen weg zu den Verbrauchern
Arterien (Lungenarterien)
Sauerstoffarmes Blut fliesst vom Herzen zu den Lungen
Veine
fliessen zum Herzen
How many time beats the heart
60-80 times per minute
stroke volume of blood
5l/min
systolischer Blutdruck
120 - 140 mmHG => concentration phase of the heart
diastolischer Blutdruck
80-90 mmHg ==> Ruhepause
Im Alter steigt der Blutdruck, Weshalb?
the elasticity of the vascular wall decreases
leucocytes? erythrocytes? and thrombocytes?
leucocytes = weisse blood cells => fighting infection erythrocytes (rote blood cells) transport mit Hämoglobin O2 und CO2 thrombocytes(Blutplätchen)= ensure blood clotting
teh critical threshold for hypoxia is reached at
22'000 ft
breathing pure oygen until wihich altitude is sufficent?
Until 38'000 ft = 10'000 ft after only with pressure breathing
What is the upper level for the physiological effieciency of oxygen supply systems
48'000 ft
EPT is always shorter than TUC why
effective performance time is always shorter than time of useful consciousness because the crew would not always be able to react right aways to the lack of oxygen
Valsalva manoevre
barotrauma ==> Nase zu und zu und druck von innen aufbauen
Decompression sickness occurs
at a decrease of at least 50%
Was ist schlecht für die Communication?
Workload
