ERP Questions
Wörtli zum Lernen was ERP sind und wie diese funktionieren
Wörtli zum Lernen was ERP sind und wie diese funktionieren
Which statements are true?
How did the Information flow change because of ERP?
Information flow in business used to be from the different functional areas to top management and then back down to the different functional areas. Nowadays information flow is horizontal, cross-functional and includes the suppliers and the customers.
What are disadvantages of ERP Systems?
time-consuming, expensive, vendor dependence and many more boring reasons.
What are advantages of ERP Systems?
Common Database, avoiding data redundancy, cost reduction, adaptable, maintainable, global outreach
When did the evolution of ERP start?
1960
What is knowledge? (give an example)
If you were told it’s 8 am you would know that there are 16 hours left in the day
What is the origin/precursor of ERP?
Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP)
What does vertical integration perspective mean and which systems are affected?
Integration from the top to bottom. Therefore it integrates the following Systems:
Management Support System;
Office Information System;
Transaction System
What is Information?
Information is created by giving meaning to the data: 24 are the hours in a day
What is Data?
Data are the raw facts, like numbers, characters or text. It has no meaning on its own.
What are ERP Systems?
Enterprise Resource Planning Systems are enterprise wide software solutions with support moduls characterized by integrating sales, manufacturing, human resources, logistigs, accounting and other business functions and allow a to share a commen database or a virtual database that combines the individual databases.
ERP combines data and processes of an organization. It uses a unified database to store data from various system modules, like financials, human resources, production planning, order management, CRM and SCM. Integration between modules is stressed without the duplication of information.
What is internal/external accounting?
Internal: Managerial accounting (Controlling): Cost an performance accounting
External: Financial Accounting
Explain Managerial accounting.
Supplies quantitative information to the decision makers within an organization.
Monitors the cost effectiveness of the performance.
Is also used for cost accounting processing, analytical reporting and audit controlling spectrums.
What is a key feature of ERP systems in the financial Accounting module?
The ability to drill down within a report to get to the source documents that were used to create the report. This makes it easier for auditors to confirm the integrity of the reports.
How is the structure of Controlling Area, Charts of account and Company Code?
Charts of account is the highest of the three entities.
Controlling area is underneath charts of account but above company code. Company codes get assigned to controlling area.
Fill the blank.
The goal of _____________ is to provide executives with information regarding the profitability of the business, and enable them to control a business' activities.
Managerial accounting
Which of the following ERP features help to reduce / detect fraudulent activity?
SAP document principle:
The ability to drill down within a report to get to the source documents that were used to create the report, makes it easier for auditors to confirm the integrity of the reports.
Not being able to fully delete a record.
In a general ledger, what does a master data depict?
The G/L account master records the posting of
accounting transactions to G/L accounts and the processing of the posting data.
What is important during initialization phase of an ERP project?
All stakeholders in the same boat.
The requirements are roughly known.
The objective of the project is defined
What is important during the concept phase?
Target processes --> requirements
What issues must an auditor adress with the SAP ERP environment?
Why is auditing SAP ERP different?
SAP ERP has great flexibility and breadth of functionality.
It has a different application / environment split than other ERP.
Why do you need Compliance?
There is always an information gap and a
conflict of interests between producer and
customers / between management and shareholders
Give a definition for GRC. And explain the 3 main factors.
GRC refers to a company's coordinated strategy for managing the broad issues of corporate governance, enterprise risk management and corporate compliance.
Governance: Effective as well as ethical management of a company.
Risk:effectively mitigate risks, which hindern the company to be competitive.
Compliance: External regulations for the business operations and data retention.
What are benefits of using GRC?
Higher quality information
Process optimization
Better capital allocation
Improved effectiveness
Protected reputation
Reduced Cost
What are challenges for audits? (4)
changing and very different regulations
Big data
Increased oversight of processes
Tighter control of manual entries
Which one is with GRC and which one without?
What does GRC stand for?
Governance
Compliance
Risk Management
What are the 4 phases of the life cycle?
Chartering phase, project phase, shakedown pphase, maintenance
What are important criteria for selecting ERP?
Find a good partner. 50/50 relation between solution and partner.
The solution should have the right features, good usability and the newest technology.
The vendor should be viable, have a good long-term strategy and be reachable for support and implementation.
What does the development of the market look like?
Tendency to cloud and increasing demand of small and medium enterprises. As well as operational efficiency in business processes.
What are the biggest differences between regions, such as Asia and Europa?
Legal reasons, language, different products and different countries have different values, ERP vendors must know this.
When do you adapt the proces to the ERP system and when do you adapt the ERP system to the process?
Idea: adapt to non-core functions like HR, Finance etc. and change the ERP according to your process with competitive advantage.
Which is the most occuring characteristic of ERP solutions?
Which advantage does a small ERP vendor has compared to one of the big three?
Small ERP vendors meet customers’ expectations better.
What are the differeneces of Online Transaction Processing and Online analytical processing?
OLTP emphasises on fast query processing, maintaining data integrity and is used for business operations, such as cash and card transactions.
OLAP emphasises on low volume of transactions. Queries are very complex and involve aggregation functions. It is used for data mining, decision making and analytics.
What are the main functions of Plant management?
Main functions: Inspection, Preventive maintenance and Repair of all systems and machines.
What is sales & distribution about? What does it support and what are the key elements?
SD: Sales & Distribution help company to integrate with their customers. Receiving sales order via phone, internet or EDI, shipping and billing.
Supports: Sales, Distribution and Billing
Key elements are: Pre-sales support, quotation processing, sales order processing, delivers processing, warehouse management, billing, credit management
What is material management about? What does it support and what are the key elements?
It plans and controls complete cycle of materials and information through procurement, cataloging, standardization, packaging, quality control, inventory control, disribution etc.
Supports: Procurement and inventory
Key elements are: Material procurement, inventory managment, invoice verification, vendor, evaluation.
Explain the functionality of Production Planning Control.
It tries to realize planning as complet as possinle despite all the problems, which can occur. It also tries to balance between availability capacity and current work load.
-
- 1 / 61
-
Cartes-fiches
What are the main functions of Plant management?
Main functions: Inspection, Preventive maintenance and Repair of all systems and machines.
What is sales & distribution about? What does it support and what are the key elements?
SD: Sales & Distribution help company to integrate with their customers. Receiving sales order via phone, internet or EDI, shipping and billing.
Supports: Sales, Distribution and Billing
Key elements are: Pre-sales support, quotation processing, sales order processing, delivers processing, warehouse management, billing, credit management
What is material management about? What does it support and what are the key elements?
It plans and controls complete cycle of materials and information through procurement, cataloging, standardization, packaging, quality control, inventory control, disribution etc.
Supports: Procurement and inventory
Key elements are: Material procurement, inventory managment, invoice verification, vendor, evaluation.
Explain the functionality of Production Planning Control.
It tries to realize planning as complet as possinle despite all the problems, which can occur. It also tries to balance between availability capacity and current work load.
What is the module Production Planning about?
PP pre plans the workflow during the creation of a product for a certain time considering certain general conditions and realizing predetermined objectives.
How are the logistics modules called in SAP?
PP Production Planning
MM: Material Management
SD: Sales & Distributiion
PM: Plant Management
QM: Quality Management
Shortly describe the ERP evolution with 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000. State what pushed the evolution.
1960 Inventory Management and Control Systems (Maintain level of stock)
1970 Material Requirements Planning (MRP) (Scheduling Production Processes)
1980 Manufacturing Resources Planning (MRP II) (Coordinating manufacturing processes: Product planning, inventory control etc.)
1990 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP): Internal Holistic Resource Planning (Now includes HR, Finance, Accounting etc.)
2000s Extended ERP: Basic ERP + middleware to include outsiders: SCM, CRM, SRM etc.
The main driver for ERP were innovation push in computer hardware and software, e.g. better processors, more computing power.
What are the strategies of cost leadership and differentiation?
Cost leadership focuses on costs.
Differentiation strategy focuses on market differentiations (technology, price, product, customer service, user experience differentiation).
Shortly explain Six Sigma.
Six Sigma is a statistical measure of quality, a process for continuous improvement, an enabler of cultural change and a disciplined process focused on delivering near perfect products and services.
What is the goal of lean?
To minimize the waste of the manufacturing.
Which level of the SCOR model is implemented by the company itself?
The 4th level.
The other 3 levels are for every company the same.
What is in the first level SCOR model?
How does a SCOR model work?
it is a process reference model for supply chain management. This reference model enables users to address, improve, and communicate supply chain management practices within and between all interested parties in the extended enterprise.
How many levels does a score model have?
What does SCOR model stand for?
Supply chain operations reference model
What are the goal of Supply chains?
Revenue expansion
cost reduction
freeing assets
information sharing
collaborative planning and execution
relocation of tasks
How would you visualize SCM?
Give a definition of Supply chain management.
Supply chain maanagement covers the flow of goods, ifnormation and cash from supplier through manufacturing and distribution chains to the end user.
It tries to improve the flow of materials, information and financial resources within the company and among companies
What does SCM stand for?
Supply Chain Management
Explain the 3 different IT Architecutre:
Service-Oriented Architecture
On-demand Solutions
Alternative Approaches
Service Oriented Architecture:
Software system is made up of services. Application software is considered a service and not a piece of software installed on the company’s computers
On-demand solutions:
Saas, PaaS, IaaS, Cloud
Alternative Approaches:
Open-source ERP
Federated ERP
What is a big disadvantage of cloud based ERP?
The company does not know, where their data is stored.
Which kind of on-demand solutions are available? (4)
SaaS (only pay when you need the software)
PaaS (Internet based software development)
IaaS (only pay when you need the infrastructur)
Cloud
What is the main focus of an ERP framework?
The central focus is on one central database. Typically with a supply chain model with additional support moduls for the different departments.
What are risks in ERP implementation?
Might not fit to the organization,
skill mix might not be sufficient to know how to implement it,
management structure and strategy might not co-align with the ERP system and vice versa,
involves user training
needs project management.
Give 3 reasons, why you need an ERP System.
- You have lots of different software for different processes
- You don’t have easy access to information about your business
- Accounting takes longer and is more difficult
- Sales and the Customer Experience are suffering
- Your IT is too complex and time-consuming
Which statements are true?
How did the Information flow change because of ERP?
Information flow in business used to be from the different functional areas to top management and then back down to the different functional areas. Nowadays information flow is horizontal, cross-functional and includes the suppliers and the customers.
What are disadvantages of ERP Systems?
time-consuming, expensive, vendor dependence and many more boring reasons.
What are advantages of ERP Systems?
Common Database, avoiding data redundancy, cost reduction, adaptable, maintainable, global outreach
When did the evolution of ERP start?
1960
What is knowledge? (give an example)
If you were told it’s 8 am you would know that there are 16 hours left in the day
What is the origin/precursor of ERP?
Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP)
What does vertical integration perspective mean and which systems are affected?
Integration from the top to bottom. Therefore it integrates the following Systems:
Management Support System;
Office Information System;
Transaction System
What is Information?
Information is created by giving meaning to the data: 24 are the hours in a day
What is Data?
Data are the raw facts, like numbers, characters or text. It has no meaning on its own.
What are ERP Systems?
Enterprise Resource Planning Systems are enterprise wide software solutions with support moduls characterized by integrating sales, manufacturing, human resources, logistigs, accounting and other business functions and allow a to share a commen database or a virtual database that combines the individual databases.
ERP combines data and processes of an organization. It uses a unified database to store data from various system modules, like financials, human resources, production planning, order management, CRM and SCM. Integration between modules is stressed without the duplication of information.
What is internal/external accounting?
Internal: Managerial accounting (Controlling): Cost an performance accounting
External: Financial Accounting
Explain Managerial accounting.
Supplies quantitative information to the decision makers within an organization.
Monitors the cost effectiveness of the performance.
Is also used for cost accounting processing, analytical reporting and audit controlling spectrums.
What is a key feature of ERP systems in the financial Accounting module?
The ability to drill down within a report to get to the source documents that were used to create the report. This makes it easier for auditors to confirm the integrity of the reports.
How is the structure of Controlling Area, Charts of account and Company Code?
Charts of account is the highest of the three entities.
Controlling area is underneath charts of account but above company code. Company codes get assigned to controlling area.
