DEH 103: Histology & Embryology

Chapters 3 & 4: Development of the Oral Facial Region & Development of the Face and Palate

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Kelsie Orndorff

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Kelsie Orndorff

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This flashcard set covers advanced topics in histology and embryology at the university level, focusing on the development of facial structures, tongue, palate, and neck. It delves into the formation of arches, processes, and key anatomical features like the nasal and carotid structures. Medical students and professionals will find this flashcard set invaluable for understanding the intricate developmental processes and their clinical implications.

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Utilisateurs

Langue

Anglais

Catégorie

Médecine

Niveau

Université

Créé / Mis à jour

01.01.2014 / 01.01.2014

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When there is a failure of the maxillary process fusing with the medial nasal processes it can lead to _____. There can be varying degrees of disfigurment and disability, it can be either unilateral or bilateral.

Cleft lip

This is the groove separating the maxillar process form the lateral nasal process.

Naso-optic groove

This is the groove separating the maxillary process from the medial nasal process.

Bucconasal groove

This is the middle of the upper lip that is complete by what week?

Medial nasal processes
6 week completed

The maxillary processes on each side of the mouth fuse with the mandibular arch to form the corners of the mouth. What are they called?

Commissures

The intermaxillary segment is involved int he formation of what 3 parts of the face?

Maxillary incisors and associated tissues
Primary palate
Nasal septum

By weeks 7-9 these two processes have began to fuse to form the hard palate.

Medial palatine (primary palate)
Latral palatine

FYI: the lateral palatine processes develop from the maxillary tissues laterally and grow inward.

By what week is the palate complete to seperate the oral cavity and nasal cavities?

12 weeks

True/False:

The tongue does not help mold the processes of the palate together.

False: the tongue pushes up to help mold the processes together.

How often does a cleft palate occur?

4 in 2,500 births

FYI: there are many variations from vermillion boarder cleft to alvbeolar process cleft

This is an extreamly rare occurance and is throught to be caused by the pressure of the adjacent enlargment of the heart, which begins to beat before the fusion.

Cleft mandible

This is the mildest form of cleft palate. It is a common minor anomaly occuring about 1% in whites and 10% in Native Americans. People with this condition should not have their andenoids removed b/c they cannot achieve proper closure between the soft palate and pharynx while speaking and develop hyper nasal speech.

Cleft uvula (bifid uvula)

This develops from independent swellings located internally on the floor of the primitive pharnx.

Tongue

The body of the tongue develops from what arch while the base forms from this arch.

Body: 1st brancial arches (mandibular)
Base: 2nr, 3rd, and 4th arches

How is the early tongue developed?

2 lateral lingual swellings on each side of the tuberculum impar grow in size and merge with each other. Which in turn overgrow and encompass the disappearing tuberculum impart.

This is a pair of swellings that gradully overgrown the 2nd brancial arches to form the base of the tongue (posterior 1/3rd)

Copula

This is the V shaped groove the seperates the body and the base of the tongue.

Terminal sulcus

Posterior to the termial sulcus the base of the tongue forms these 3 tonsils.

Lingual tonsil
Palatine tonsils
Pharyngeal tonsils

The thyroid forms from this surface of the tongue. (is is where the junction of the body and the base are).

Foramen cecum

The thyroid cells arise and migrate to the front of the trachea. Along its decent it can form a cyst/fistula on the surface of the neck known as?

Thyroglossal cyst

Malformations of embryos can be due to?

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

Genetic factors (chromosomes)
Environmental agents
Factors

Environmental agents and factors can include?

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Infections
Drugs
Radiation

FRI: all considered teratogens

True/False:

All three layers of the embryonic disc form the face?

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True

The oral cavity develops from?

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Stomodeum

The oropharyngeal membrane gives rise to the?

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Oral cavity

This initially appears as a shallow depression in the embryonic surface ectoderm at the cephalic end (head) before the 4th week prenantal.

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= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

Stomodeum

What are the 2 placodes of the facial area on a embryo?

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Lens
Nasal
Give rise to the eyes and ears

The first 2 arches are known as and develop into?

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1st mandibular arch
2nd hyoid arch
Develop greatest extent

What cartilage composes each arch?

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Meckel's cartilage
Superior hyoid
Interior hyoid
Laryngeal

This refers to fill formation in the neck, so since humans do not have gills, they are often called ____ arches.

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= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

Branchial
Pharyngeal

The foregut gives rise to the ____ which will form into the ____ (primitive throat).

Primitie pharynx
Oropharnx

The 2 posterior parts of the embryo, the ____ and ____ form the rest of the mature pharynx as well as the remainder to the digestive tract.

Midgut
Hindgut

This is the branchial arch that forms the lower face, lip, mandible, muscles of mastication, trigeminal nerve, and tongue

Mandibular arch (Arch 1)

Arches ____ are involved in face and neck development.

2-6

The 1st arch is covered and lined with ____. The rest of the arches are covered with ____ and lined with ____.

Ectoderm
Ectoderm
Endoderm

True/False:

The 5th branchial arch is so rudimentary that many times it is absent in humans or it is included within the 4th branchial arch.

True

Each arch contains a right and left ____ vessel that leads from the heart through the arches to the body. The 3rd arch vessles become he common ____ arteries. The 6th arche vessels become the ____ artery.``

Aortic arch vessel
Common carotid arteris
Pulmonary artery

Between weeks 4-7 the ____ artery supplies the blood to the face, neck, and brain. However after the 7th week the face and neck ciculation shiits to the _____ and the ____ supplies only the brain at this time.

Internal carotid artery
External carotid artery
Internal carotid artery

In weeks 5-7 muscles develope in the head and neck. Mastication muscles in the 1st arch include what?

Masseter
Mecdial & lateral pterygoid
Temporalis

Which arch forms the facial muscles? Which arch forms the throat constrictor muscles?

2nd arch
3rd and 4th arch

1 / 51

Cartes-fiches

How often does a cleft palate occur?

4 in 2,500 births

FYI: there are many variations from vermillion boarder cleft to alvbeolar process cleft

This is an extreamly rare occurance and is throught to be caused by the pressure of the adjacent enlargment of the heart, which begins to beat before the fusion.

Cleft mandible

Cleft uvula (bifid uvula)

This develops from independent swellings located internally on the floor of the primitive pharnx.

Tongue

The body of the tongue develops from what arch while the base forms from this arch.

Body: 1st brancial arches (mandibular)
Base: 2nr, 3rd, and 4th arches

How is the early tongue developed?

2 lateral lingual swellings on each side of the tuberculum impar grow in size and merge with each other. Which in turn overgrow and encompass the disappearing tuberculum impart.

This is a pair of swellings that gradully overgrown the 2nd brancial arches to form the base of the tongue (posterior 1/3rd)

Copula

This is the V shaped groove the seperates the body and the base of the tongue.

Terminal sulcus

Posterior to the termial sulcus the base of the tongue forms these 3 tonsils.

Lingual tonsil
Palatine tonsils
Pharyngeal tonsils

The thyroid forms from this surface of the tongue. (is is where the junction of the body and the base are).

Foramen cecum

The thyroid cells arise and migrate to the front of the trachea. Along its decent it can form a cyst/fistula on the surface of the neck known as?

Thyroglossal cyst

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DEH 103: Histology & Embryology

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