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J. J.

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J. J.

About these flashcards

Diese Lernkarten behandeln Leistungsberechnungen für Start, Steigflug, Landung und Hindernisumgehung bei verschiedenen Flugzeugklassen (A und B) sowie spezifische Geschwindigkeiten wie V1, VR und V2. Sie erklären Faktoren für Start- und Landestrecken auf unterschiedlichen Pistenbelägen, Netto- und Bruttostandards sowie Driftdown- und Balked-Landing-Anforderungen. Pilot:innen und Flugbetriebsfachkräfte profitieren von diesem Wissen, um sichere und regelkonforme Flugdurchführungen zu gewährleisten.

Flashcards

57

Students

3

Language

German

Category

Traffic

Level

Other

Created / Updated

11.08.2026 / 15.08.2026

What lateral obstacle clearance is required for a wingspan below 60 m?

½ wingspan + 60 m + 0.125 D.

What lateral obstacle clearance is required for a wingspan of 60 m or more?

90 m + 0.125 D.

Up to what maximum value does the lateral obstacle clearance increase?

Up to 600 m + 0.125 D.

What obstacle accountability distances apply on a straight-out departure?

Visual or with navigation aids: 300 m; other: 600 m.

What obstacle accountability distances apply for a turn of more than 15°?

Visual or with navigation aids: 600 m; other: 900 m.

What reference landing speed is shown for Class A?

VREF = 1.23 VS0 or VMCL.

What reference landing speed is shown for Class B?

1.3 VS0.

What percentage of TORA must be available for landing for a Class A jet?

60% (factor ×1.67).

What percentage of TORA must be available for landing for a Class A turboprop?

70% (factor ×1.43).

What runway factors apply for Class B landing?

Paved dry: ×1; paved wet: ×1.15; grass dry: ×1.15; grass wet: ×1.3.

What are the balked landing climb gradient requirements shown for Class A and Class B?

Class A: 3.2% LDG configuration AEO. Class B: ≥2.5%.

What are the Class A approach climb gradient requirements shown?

2 engines: 2.1%; 3 engines: 2.4%; 4 engines: 2.7%.

What is the Class B approach climb gradient shown?

0.75% OEI.

What landing screen heights are shown?

50 ft normal; 35 ft for steep approach.

For a Class A aeroplane, what is the minimum VMCG take-off speed?

VMCG: 1.05 VMC

For a Class A aeroplane, what are the minimum requirements for V1 take-off speed?

V1: ≥1.1 VMC and ≥1.13 VS1G (or ≥1.2 VS without provision)

For a Class A aeroplane, what are the minimum requirements for VR take-off speed?

VR: ≥V1 and ≥1.05 VMCA

For a Class A aeroplane, what is the minimum V2 take-off speed?

V2: ≥1.18 VS1G

For a Class B MEP aeroplane, what are the minimum requirements for VR take-off speed?

VR ≥ 1.1 VS1 or 1.05 VMC

For a Class B MEP aeroplane, what are the minimum requirements for V2 take-off speed?

V2 ≥ 1.2 VS1 or 1.1 VMC

What is the regulatory factor for TODR on a balanced runway?

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

TODR = TOD × 1.25

What is the regulatory factor for TORR on an unbalanced runway with no stopway/clearway?

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

TORR = TOD × 1.0

What is the regulatory factor for TODR on an unbalanced runway?

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

TODR = TOD × 1.15

What is the regulatory factor for ASDR on an unbalanced runway?

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

ASDR = TOD × 1.3

What factor is applied for take-off on dry grass?

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

× 1.2

What factor is applied for take-off on wet grass?

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

× 1.3

What correction is applied for take-off on an upslope?

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

+5% for each 1% upslope (×1.05 per %)

What factor is applied for a Class B landing on grass/wet runway?

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

× 1.15

What correction is applied for landing on a downslope?

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

+5% for each 1% downslope (×1.05 per %)

What is the landing distance factor for Class B SEP/MEP?

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

LDR = LD × 1.43

What is the landing distance factor for a Class A turboprop?

LDR = LD × 1.43 (LD = LDA × 0.7)

What is the landing distance factor for a Class A jet?

LDR = LD × 1.67 (LD = LDA × 0.6)

What wet runway safety factor is applied?

× 1.15

How is the regulatory take-off distance determined when comparing AEO and OEI?

Compare AEO distance × 1.15 with OEI distance and use the greater value.

What are the Gross-to-Net climb path deductions for 2-, 3- and 4-engine aircraft?

2 engines: Gross − 0.8%; 3 engines: Gross − 0.9%; 4 engines: Gross − 1.0%.

What are the minimum Segment 1 climb gradients for 2-, 3- and 4-engine aircraft?

2 engines: ≥0%; 3 engines: ≥0.3%; 4 engines: ≥0.5%.

What are the minimum Segment 2 climb gradients for 2-, 3- and 4-engine aircraft?

2 engines: ≥2.4%; 3 engines: ≥2.7%; 4 engines: ≥3.0%.

What are the minimum Segment 3 and 4 climb gradients for 2-, 3- and 4-engine aircraft?

2 engines: ≥1.2%; 3 engines: ≥1.5%; 4 engines: ≥1.7%.

What are the minimum discontinued approach climb gradients for Class A aircraft with 2, 3 and 4 engines?

2 engines: ≥2.1%; 3 engines: ≥2.4%; 4 engines: ≥2.7%.

How is the Class B driftdown net gradient derived from the gross gradient?

Net gradient = Gross gradient + 0.5%.

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Flashcards

What obstacle accountability distances apply on a straight-out departure?

Visual or with navigation aids: 300 m; other: 600 m.

What obstacle accountability distances apply for a turn of more than 15°?

Visual or with navigation aids: 600 m; other: 900 m.

What reference landing speed is shown for Class A?

VREF = 1.23 VS0 or VMCL.

What reference landing speed is shown for Class B?

1.3 VS0.

What percentage of TORA must be available for landing for a Class A jet?

60% (factor ×1.67).

What percentage of TORA must be available for landing for a Class A turboprop?

70% (factor ×1.43).

What runway factors apply for Class B landing?

Paved dry: ×1; paved wet: ×1.15; grass dry: ×1.15; grass wet: ×1.3.

What are the balked landing climb gradient requirements shown for Class A and Class B?

Class A: 3.2% LDG configuration AEO. Class B: ≥2.5%.

What are the Class A approach climb gradient requirements shown?

2 engines: 2.1%; 3 engines: 2.4%; 4 engines: 2.7%.

What is the Class B approach climb gradient shown?

0.75% OEI.

What landing screen heights are shown?

50 ft normal; 35 ft for steep approach.

For a Class A aeroplane, what is the minimum VMCG take-off speed?

VMCG: 1.05 VMC

For a Class A aeroplane, what are the minimum requirements for V1 take-off speed?

V1: ≥1.1 VMC and ≥1.13 VS1G (or ≥1.2 VS without provision)

For a Class A aeroplane, what are the minimum requirements for VR take-off speed?

VR: ≥V1 and ≥1.05 VMCA

For a Class A aeroplane, what is the minimum V2 take-off speed?

V2: ≥1.18 VS1G

For a Class B MEP aeroplane, what are the minimum requirements for VR take-off speed?

VR ≥ 1.1 VS1 or 1.05 VMC

For a Class B MEP aeroplane, what are the minimum requirements for V2 take-off speed?

V2 ≥ 1.2 VS1 or 1.1 VMC

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