Ops abfragewerte ATPL

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Diese Lernkarten decken operationelle Abfragewerte für ATPL-Prüfungen ab und richten sich an Pilotenanwärter sowie erfahrene Crews. Im Fokus stehen Wetterphänomene wie Windshear und Turbulenzen, Navigationsverfahren wie MNPS und NAT, sowie Sicherheitsvorschriften zu Sauerstoff, Evakuierung und Notverfahren. Praktische Anwendungen wie Wake-Turbulenz-Separation, SNOWTAM-Interpretation und Lärmminderungsverfahren werden detailliert behandelt, um fundierte Entscheidungen im Flugbetrieb zu ermöglichen.

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Deutsch

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Verkehrskunde

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Erstellt / Aktualisiert

11.08.2026 / 11.08.2026

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What is the basic ETOPS threshold?

60 minutes at cruising speed with OEI

Where are noise abatement procedures defined and published?

ICAO Doc 8168; AIP Part AD 2

What is the minimum height for power reduction during a noise abatement climb?

240 m (800 ft)

After ZFTT, flying must commence no later than when?

21 days

When is a take-off considered a low visibility take-off?

RVR <400 m

What are the standard and absolute minimum lateral separations?

Standard: 60 NM; absolute minimum: 30 NM

For an emergency demonstration, what maximum percentage of emergency exits may be available?

50%

What is the life raft capacity requirement?

The occupants must still be transportable after loss of one raft of the largest capacity

When is a windshield wiper required?

MTOM >5700 kg

What is the minimum IFR navigation equipment?

1 VOR, 1 ADF, 1 DME

Why is a stopover made?

Due to cumulative duty hours

When are life jackets required?

Anywhere 50 NM from land and when using departure & arrival paths over water

When is remote-area survival equipment required?

When flying in remote areas where SAR is difficult: 90 minutes at cruising speed

When is at least one cabin crew member required?

For aeroplanes >19 seats when carrying one or more passengers

In which direction is apparent wander in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres?

Right NH; left SH

What are the basic RVSM dimensions?

60 NM lateral; 1000 ft vertical; FL290-FL410

What is the wake turbulence dissipation time?

3 minutes

What are the lowest MDH values for NDB/DME, VOR and SRA 1 NM?

300 ft for each

How long is a SNOWTAM valid?

24 hours

What are the en-route ETOPS alternate planning minima for non-precision/circling?

MDA/H + 400 ft; RVR/VIS + 1500 m

What are the lowest DH/MDH values for ILS LOC, VOR/DME and SRA 0.5 NM?

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250 ft for each

What are the CAT I minima for decision height, guidance and RVR?

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DH >200 ft; guidance 200 ft; RVR 550 m

What are the ELT battery duration and frequencies?

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At least 48 hours; 121.5 MHz & 406 MHz simultaneously

What must be added when asked for the total number of fire extinguishers?

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+1 in the flight deck

How much experience is required to be senior cabin crew?

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12 months

What are the main first aid oxygen requirements?

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Operating >25000 ft; 2% of passengers carried; cabin altitude >8000 ft; for passengers with physiological problems; for passengers or crew when required; 4 litres STPD/min

At what distance should a fire extinguisher be held from the fire source?

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Approximately 1.5-2.5 m

What fuel is required for an isolated aerodrome?

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2 hours at normal cruise consumption including final reserve fuel

When is the 300 ft level change applied for a deviation around severe weather?

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For deviations greater than 10 NM, when the aircraft is 10 NM from track

For how long must a PBE provide protection?

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15 minutes

How many oxygen masks/inhalers are required above 25000 ft?

110% of seating capacity

When can an ETOPS flight be commenced regarding the forecast at the en-route alternate?

When forecasts indicate that at arrival or 1 hour after, conditions exist at or above planning minima

What RVSM contingency action applies at FL410 without ATC clearance?

Climb 1000 ft or descend 500 ft, turn left/right

What supplemental oxygen is required for flight deck crew in a non-pressurized aircraft?

Oxygen at all times above 10000 ft

What are the circling MDHs for categories A-D?

A: 400 ft; B: 500 ft; C: 600 ft; D: 700 ft

What vertical speed should not be exceeded in RVSM?

1500 ft/min

How many megaphones are required according to passenger number?

0 passengers: 0; 61-99: 1; >100: 2

Within what time must an accident involving dangerous goods be reported?

72 hours

In which ICAO document are procedures for unlawful interference promulgated?

Doc 7030

What equipment is required for remote-area operations?

At least signalling equipment, 1 ELT & additional survival equipment for the route

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What are the lowest MDH values for SRA >2 NM, NDB and VDF?

350 ft for each

When are operations considered complex operations?

>20 full-time employees

What alternative formula can be used for conversion angle?

Longitude difference / 2 x sin average latitude

What are the planning minima for an NPA?

NPA RVR/VIS + 1000 m, ceiling at or above MDH + 200 ft

What is the Window of Circadian Low (WOCL)?

0200-0559

When is fuel jettison required according to climb capability?

To reduce aircraft weight in an emergency unless capable of 2.7% climb with OEI and 3.2% with all engines

What are the ELT requirements for aircraft with <19 seats?

After 2008: 1 auto ELT; before 2008: 1 ELT of any type

What is the formula for VAT?

VAT = VSO x 1.3

When must a turboprop have an altitude alerting system?

>5700 kg

How long before start-up must an intercontinental NAT flight plan be filed?

3 hours

At what altitude do oxygen drop-out masks deploy automatically?

15000 ft

What must proof to the national authority for a dry lease include?

Operational need

What are the planning minima for CAT II & III approaches?

CAT I RVR

Which flight levels are used for westerly headings in MNPS airspace?

Even FLs between FL285 and FL420

What are the planning minima for circling?

Circling visibility, MDH & ceiling for ETA +/- 1 hour

At what altitudes is a pilot physically affected by lack of oxygen and crew efficiency not impaired?

Physically affected at 6000 ft; crew efficiency not impaired at 8000 ft

What longitudinal separation applies to turbojets?

15 min same track & same Mach; 10 min with Mach number technique; 5 min absolute minimum/leading aircraft higher speed

When is ACAS required?

MCTOM >5700 kg & MOPSC >19

How is conversion angle related to Earth convergence?

Conversion angle = Earth convergence / 2

How is windshear range/change calculated from headwind or tailwind?

Headwind/tailwind x 2; at centre = 0

What mnemonic applies to gyro precession direction?

GTAP NH, TGAP SH

Which ICAO document covers NAT airspace?

ICAO Doc 7030

What is the astronomical precession formula?

15° x h x sin Lm

What is the NADP 2 profile?

V2 + 10 kt until 800 ft, thrust reduction to climb power, then VZF + 10 kt until 3000 ft

At which altitudes are bird hazard areas particularly relevant?

Below 2500 ft or under 1500 ft (under 500 m or 0 to 150 m)

What is final reserve fuel for turbine and reciprocating engine aircraft?

Turbine: 45 min; reciprocating: 30 min at 1500 ft above aerodrome

When is IFR required in NAT airspace?

At or above FL60 or 2000 ft above ground, whichever is greater

Following cabin compression failure, what oxygen provision is required?

Flight crew can fly at 10000 ft without supplemental oxygen with no time limit; all crew above 13000 ft; 100% of passengers for entire flight above 15000 ft, but not less than 10 min

Which SNOWTAM items contain friction measurement and contamination?

Friction measurement: H) X/X/X [5-4-3-2-1]; contamination: F) X/X/X

Under what condition can the requirement of 1 cabin crew member for 50 passengers be exempted?

Provided a report is sent to the AUTHORITY after flight

Above what altitude does a diluter-demand regulator supply pure oxygen?

32000 ft

When can alternate fuel be used?

When 2 independent runways are available, weather conditions are 500 ft above MDA/2000 ft AAL, and visibility >5 km

What is the transport precession formula?

Change of longitude x sin mean latitude

What MOC applies according to terrain elevation?

0: 300 m (1000 ft); >900 m and <1500 m: 450 m (1476 ft); >1500 m: 600 m (1969 ft)

What are the NAT organised track system validity periods?

Westbound day: 1130-1900 UTC; eastbound night: 0100-0800 UTC; 1901-0059 and 0801-1129 UTC are outside validity

Where is bird hazard information and prevention published?

AIP ENR 5.6

What is the minimum visual approach RVR?

800 m

What is the NAT tolerance boundary window?

3 minutes

What altitude and time are given for fuel jettison?

Best above FL60; within 15 minutes

When is MDH referred to runway threshold elevation instead of aerodrome elevation?

If the threshold is more than 2 m below aerodrome elevation

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