RNAV Wiederholung

210

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J. J.

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J. J.

À propos de ce fichier

Diese Lernkarten vertiefen Grundlagen und spezielle Aspekte der modernen Funk- und Satellitennavigation für Piloten, inklusive RNAV, RNP, ILS und GNSS-Systeme. Sie erklären technische Funktionen wie Doppler-VOR, SBAS/GBAS-Korrekturen oder RAIM, behandeln PBN-Anforderungen und typische Fehlerquellen wie Küsten- oder Ionosphäreneffekte. Praktische Beispiele zu Anflugverfahren, Antennenpositionen oder Radartechnik runden das Wissen ab. Ideal für Piloten und Luftfahrtinteressierte, die ihre Navigationskenntnisse auffrischen oder vertiefen möchten.

Cartes-fiches

210

Utilisateurs

Langue

Allemand

Catégorie

Code de la route

Niveau

Autres

Créé / Mis à jour

27.07.2026 / 24.08.2026

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A pilot is setting up the radio navigation aids for an ILS approach at the destination. The ILS frequency is given on the approach chart as 109.90 MHz. The glide path frequency is...

109.90 MHz, the same frequency as the localiser.

a second frequency that the pilot tunes on the ILS receiver, and it is paired with 109.90 MHz.

tuned automatically when 109.90 MHz is tuned for the localiser.

109.90 MHz and tuning this also tunes a paired UHF localiser frequency.

109.90 MHz, the same frequency as the localiser.

a second frequency that the pilot tunes on the ILS receiver, and it is paired with 109.90 MHz.

tuned automatically when 109.90 MHz is tuned for the localiser.

109.90 MHz and tuning this also tunes a paired UHF localiser frequency.

A GBAS system communicates with an aircraft using GPS to provide aircraft with information, including:1. Integrity information,2. Almanac data,3. Approach data,4. Receiver noise correction.

1 and 3

2 and 4

2 and 3

1 and 4

1 and 3

2 and 4

2 and 3

1 and 4

Refer to figure.If the course pointer in situation 2B is rotated 2.5 degrees in a clockwise direction, what will happen to the LOC course deviation indicator?

is at the left outer dot.

does NOT change position.

is at the right inner dot.

is centred.

is at the left outer dot.

does NOT change position.

is at the right inner dot.

is centred.

Refer to figure.The pictures in the annex show an aircraft’s position in relation to thunderstorm cells, and the image of the pilot’s radar. To detect the "blind alley" the pilot should...

select the cosecant square beam for better alley detection.

initiate a steep climb.

switch over from normal to weather mode.

increase the range setting of the radar.

select the cosecant square beam for better alley detection.

initiate a steep climb.

switch over from normal to weather mode.

increase the range setting of the radar.

Which of these options correctly describes the basic principles of operation of an MLS?

The time interval between the TO and FROM scans in Azimuth and elevation determines the aircraft position within the coverage area.

The distance between the TO and FROM scans in azimuth and elevation determines the aircraft position, within the coverage area.

Guidance is provided based on the pilots’ selection of the transmitters providing the pilot with the required localiser and glide path.

Guidance is given using the localiser and the glide path selected by the pilot, the guidance is based on the received and measured difference in depth of modulation (DDM).

The time interval between the TO and FROM scans in Azimuth and elevation determines the aircraft position within the coverage area.

The distance between the TO and FROM scans in azimuth and elevation determines the aircraft position, within the coverage area.

Guidance is provided based on the pilots’ selection of the transmitters providing the pilot with the required localiser and glide path.

Guidance is given using the localiser and the glide path selected by the pilot, the guidance is based on the received and measured difference in depth of modulation (DDM).

Refer to figure.Whilst flying the outbound leg of a procedural VOR approach, a pilot's PFD is as shown in the figure above. Just before they are to commence their procedure turn, they set the course selector to the inbound course of the approach. Which of the figures shows the correct HSI indication at this time, and which direction must the pilot turn to intercept the inbound course?

Figure 2, the pilot must make a left turn.

Figure 2, the pilot must make a right turn.

Figure 1, the pilot must make a right turn.

Figure 1, the pilot must make a left turn.

Figure 2, the pilot must make a left turn.

Figure 2, the pilot must make a right turn.

Figure 1, the pilot must make a right turn.

Figure 1, the pilot must make a left turn.

Refer to figure.At which position would an aircraft at an altitude of 5000 ft AMSL receive the strongest signal from VNC NDB (27°04.3’N, 082°26.4’W)?

C (26°52.7’N, 082°23.5’W)

B (26°51.2’N, 082°55.4’W)

D (27°13.6’N, 082°18.8’W)

A (27°11.0’N, 082°03.5’W)

C (26°52.7’N, 082°23.5’W)

B (26°51.2’N, 082°55.4’W)

D (27°13.6’N, 082°18.8’W)

A (27°11.0’N, 082°03.5’W)

What is required to enable an antenna to transmit an electromagnetic wave?

The antenna has to be fed with a direct current.

The antenna has to be fed with an alternating current of high frequency.

The length of the antenna has to be equal to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

The antenna has to be mounted perpendicular to the ground.

The antenna has to be fed with a direct current.

The antenna has to be fed with an alternating current of high frequency.

The length of the antenna has to be equal to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

The antenna has to be mounted perpendicular to the ground.

A pilot is preparing for an ILS approach into aerodrome A. Of the following aerodrome A frequencies, which one is of the form the pilot should be expecting for the ILS localiser frequency?

108.40 MHz

118.105 MHz

113.95 MHz

111.95 MHz

108.40 MHz

118.105 MHz

113.95 MHz

111.95 MHz

How may pilots retrieve an RNAV / RNP1 / RNP2 SID or STAR for use?

Selecting the approach from the company's route database.

Retrievable by SID/STAR name from the on-board navigation database and conforms to the charted route.

Defined by the waypoints and conforms to the charted route.

Selecting the approach number associated with the approach.

Selecting the approach from the company's route database.

Retrievable by SID/STAR name from the on-board navigation database and conforms to the charted route.

Defined by the waypoints and conforms to the charted route.

Selecting the approach number associated with the approach.

The correct position on an aircraft for the UHF antenna for receiving ILS glide slope signals is...

On the top of the fuselage.

In the tail.

In the nose.

On a wingtip.

On the top of the fuselage.

In the tail.

In the nose.

On a wingtip.

What are the modulation signals which can be found on a VOR frequency?

Navigation, voice (ATIS) and identification

Navigation and voice (ATC)

Voice (R/T) and identification

Navigation, GP and identification

Navigation, voice (ATIS) and identification

Navigation and voice (ATC)

Voice (R/T) and identification

Navigation, GP and identification

Which of the following PBN navigation specifications can be used in Non-Continental En route airspace?

RNP 1 and RNP 0.3 for helicopters

RNP 4 and RNP 2

RNAV 1 and RNP 4

RNP 1 and RNP 0.4

RNP 1 and RNP 0.3 for helicopters

RNP 4 and RNP 2

RNAV 1 and RNP 4

RNP 1 and RNP 0.4

Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) consists of two navigation specifications: RNAV and RNP. Each specification uses a designator indicating the required navigation accuracy. Which of the following designators can be used with both RNAV and RNP specifications?

5 and 10

2 and 4

4 and 5

1 and 2

5 and 10

2 and 4

4 and 5

1 and 2

Which statement is true about the use of the Doppler effect in a Doppler VOR?

By using the Doppler effect it is possible to determine the range of the aircraft from the VOR station more accurately.

By using the Doppler effect it is also possible to determine the aircraft’s approach speed to the VOR.

The Doppler effect is used to create a signal which is received by the aircraft’s VOR-receiver as a frequency modulated signal.

The Doppler effect is used to create a signal which is received by the aircraft’s VOR-receiver as an amplitude modulated signal.

By using the Doppler effect it is possible to determine the range of the aircraft from the VOR station more accurately.

By using the Doppler effect it is also possible to determine the aircraft’s approach speed to the VOR.

The Doppler effect is used to create a signal which is received by the aircraft’s VOR-receiver as a frequency modulated signal.

The Doppler effect is used to create a signal which is received by the aircraft’s VOR-receiver as an amplitude modulated signal.

Which system is capable of measuring on the ground, the signal errors transmitted by GNSS satellites and transmitting differential corrections and integrity messages to navigation satellites?

ABAS

SBAS

RBAS

GBAS

ABAS

SBAS

RBAS

GBAS

Some Flight Management Systems have dedicated navigation receivers (for example, DME) allowing for the automatic tune function. The main advantage of the automatic tuning is that...

tuning occurs much quicker than with manual selection.

it provides the best available signals for position calculation.

the calculated position is more correct than with manual selection.

tuning is also possible outside the Designated Operational Coverage (DOC).

tuning occurs much quicker than with manual selection.

it provides the best available signals for position calculation.

the calculated position is more correct than with manual selection.

tuning is also possible outside the Designated Operational Coverage (DOC).

When conducting an RNP APCH TO LNAV/VNAV minima, an aircraft's lateral guidance is based on GNSS and its vertical guidance can be based on either...

GBAS or SBAS.

SBAS or Baro-VNAV.

Rad Alt or Baro-VNAV.

GBAS or Rad alt.

GBAS or SBAS.

SBAS or Baro-VNAV.

Rad Alt or Baro-VNAV.

GBAS or Rad alt.

The satellite navigation system NAVSTAR GPS uses two navigation frequencies, L1 and L2. Choose the correct statement: SPS: standard positioning service PPS: precise positioning service

The L1 frequency is used for PPS and the L2 frequency is used for SPS.

Both L1 and L2 frequencies are used for PPS.

Only the L2 frequency is used for PPS.

Only the L1 frequency is used for PPS.

The L1 frequency is used for PPS and the L2 frequency is used for SPS.

Both L1 and L2 frequencies are used for PPS.

Only the L2 frequency is used for PPS.

Only the L1 frequency is used for PPS.

Refer to figure. A pilot suspects that the aircraft's two FMSs are giving inaccurate information and decides to cross-check the FMS position using the aircraft's radio navigation aids. Magnetic variation is 4°W at the aircraft position. At both the VOR and NDB stations magnetic variation is 14°E. From the indications in the attached figure, what are the correct QDR values of the ADF and the VOR, in that order?

163°, 244°

258°, 159°

155°, 272°

159°, 258°

163°, 244°

258°, 159°

155°, 272°

159°, 258°

Refer to figure. Select the figure which correctly shows the coverage area of the first sector of a Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) providing 3D guidance in the final approach segment.

Figure D

Figure A

Figure C

Figure B

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

Figure D

Figure A

Figure C

Figure B

The pilot is performing an ILS CAT II approach when a car crosses the sensitive area without clearance. The pilot executes a missed approach. Explain why the pilot performed the missed approach.

The ILS signal most likely suffered from unacceptable interference, resulting in fluctuations of the cockpit display indicators.

A change of polarization was observed as a consequence of the vehicle trespassing the sensitive area.

The magnetic variation changed due to the car crossing the sensitive area.

The car has caused an ILS signal interference, such interference most likely resulted in autopilot disengagement.

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

The ILS signal most likely suffered from unacceptable interference, resulting in fluctuations of the cockpit display indicators.

A change of polarization was observed as a consequence of the vehicle trespassing the sensitive area.

The magnetic variation changed due to the car crossing the sensitive area.

The car has caused an ILS signal interference, such interference most likely resulted in autopilot disengagement.

Which of the following summaries lists only directional antennas?

Dipole antenna, loop antenna, parabolic antenna, slotted planar array antenna.

Sense antenna, parabolic antenna, slotted planar array antenna, helical antenna.

Loop antenna, parabolic antenna, slotted planar array antenna.

Dipole antenna, sense antenna, parabolic antenna, helical antenna.

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

Dipole antenna, loop antenna, parabolic antenna, slotted planar array antenna.

Sense antenna, parabolic antenna, slotted planar array antenna, helical antenna.

Loop antenna, parabolic antenna, slotted planar array antenna.

Dipole antenna, sense antenna, parabolic antenna, helical antenna.

How are radio waves in MF propagated?

At daytime as ground wave, during night only as sky wave.

At daytime as ground wave, during night as ground wave and sky wave.

At daytime as ground wave and sky wave, during night only as ground wave.

At daytime and during night only as ground wave.

Tastatur-Befehle:

= drehen,

= vor-/rückwärts,

= scrollen

At daytime as ground wave, during night only as sky wave.

At daytime as ground wave, during night as ground wave and sky wave.

At daytime as ground wave and sky wave, during night only as ground wave.

At daytime and during night only as ground wave.

Refer to figure. A pilot is taking off from Runway 16 and must navigate to waypoint ATSU and then make a turn to the next waypoint. The procedure can involve different turn techniques, and two different flight paths are depicted in each of the annexes in the figure. Which of the following statements is true regarding the procedures followed by the aircraft?

The aircraft in Annex 1 follows a Radius-to-Turn (RTT) procedure between the waypoints.

The aircraft in Annex 1 uses a fly-over instead of a standard turn procedure.

The aircraft in Annex 2 turns to the next waypoint after passing the waypoint ATSU because it is a fly-over waypoint.

The aircraft in Annex 2 follows a Radius-to-Turn (RTT) procedure and only turns to the next waypoint after passing the waypoint ATSU.

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

The aircraft in Annex 1 follows a Radius-to-Turn (RTT) procedure between the waypoints.

The aircraft in Annex 1 uses a fly-over instead of a standard turn procedure.

The aircraft in Annex 2 turns to the next waypoint after passing the waypoint ATSU because it is a fly-over waypoint.

The aircraft in Annex 2 follows a Radius-to-Turn (RTT) procedure and only turns to the next waypoint after passing the waypoint ATSU.

On a back-beam ILS approach with the back-beam inbound course set on a HSI, the needle is showing half scale deflection to the right. What does this indicate?

The heading is to the right of the desired track.

The aircraft is to the left of the desired track.

The aircraft is to the right of the desired track.

The heading is to the left of the desired track.

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

The heading is to the right of the desired track.

The aircraft is to the left of the desired track.

The aircraft is to the right of the desired track.

The heading is to the left of the desired track.

Refer to figure. The aircraft is tuned to AMS VOR. Which radial of the AMS VOR is the aircraft on?

010°.

358°.

190°.

178°.

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

010°.

358°.

190°.

178°.

From the the following options, choose those that are PBN navigation specifications that may be encountered in NAT HLA airspace. 1) RNP 10 and RNP 4 2) RNAV 10 3) RNP 2 4) RNAV 2

1, 2, 3

1, 3, 4

1, 2, 3, 4

2, 3, 4

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

1, 2, 3

1, 3, 4

1, 2, 3, 4

2, 3, 4

In the legend of a navigation chart, a beacon is mentioned to be a TVOR. Which description of the TVOR is correct?

A terminal VOR beacon used especially for aircraft on the final approach heading to the runway.

A conventional VOR beacon with an antenna that looks like a “T” due to the horizontal and the perpendicular vertical parts.

A VOR station with a shorter range, used as part of the approach and departure structure at major aerodromes.

A VOR station that is emitting a signal to test VOR indicators in an aircraft, and it is most commonly located at an aerodrome.

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

A terminal VOR beacon used especially for aircraft on the final approach heading to the runway.

A conventional VOR beacon with an antenna that looks like a “T” due to the horizontal and the perpendicular vertical parts.

A VOR station with a shorter range, used as part of the approach and departure structure at major aerodromes.

A VOR station that is emitting a signal to test VOR indicators in an aircraft, and it is most commonly located at an aerodrome.

What equipment is needed on the aircraft for an MLS approach? 1. DME/P 2. MLS receiver 3. Localiser coverage 4. Receiver for azimuth coverage 5. Receiver for elevation

2 only

1 and 2

2, 4 and 5

3, 4 and 5

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

2 only

1 and 2

2, 4 and 5

3, 4 and 5

To double the effective range of a primary radar, the power output must be increased by a factor of..

16.

Which RNP can be used in all phases of flight except for en-route oceanic/remote and final approach phases and is intended primarily for helicopters?

RNP 0.3

RNP 2

RNP 1

RNP AR APCH

RNP 0.3

RNP 2

RNP 1

RNP AR APCH

NDB range is greatly affected by the power of the transmitter. This is because with weaker transmissions, the ground wave...

is diffracted by obstacles.

is refracted by the ionosphere.

is reflected by obstacles.

is absorbed by the underlying terrain.

is diffracted by obstacles.

is refracted by the ionosphere.

is reflected by obstacles.

is absorbed by the underlying terrain.

An aircraft executing an ILS approach passes above a marker with a series of steady dots. What is the colour of the marker beacon?

White.

Red.

Blue.

Amber.

White.

Red.

Blue.

Amber.

What does a Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS) require?

At least two ground stations to transmit to arriving aircraft; one to give differential position corrections and the other to give integrity information for each satellite.

At least two ground stations, one for each runway's end.

One ground station to support an unlimited number of aircraft in the airspace of its jurisdiction.

One ground station, transmitting on UHF, to send error signals to all the aircraft in the final approach segment.

At least two ground stations to transmit to arriving aircraft; one to give differential position corrections and the other to give integrity information for each satellite.

At least two ground stations, one for each runway's end.

One ground station to support an unlimited number of aircraft in the airspace of its jurisdiction.

One ground station, transmitting on UHF, to send error signals to all the aircraft in the final approach segment.

You are in receipt of an ATC clearance and flying a procedure designated as RNP 1. Select the true statement from the following options.

You are allowed to insert latitude and longitude waypoints into the flight plan manually

You must manually reprogram all RNP waypoints using the current aircraft position references

You may freely modify waypoints as long as RNP criteria are maintained

You are not allowed to add waypoints defined by bearing, distance, and place unless part of the published procedure

You are allowed to insert latitude and longitude waypoints into the flight plan manually

You must manually reprogram all RNP waypoints using the current aircraft position references

You may freely modify waypoints as long as RNP criteria are maintained

You are not allowed to add waypoints defined by bearing, distance, and place unless part of the published procedure

Considering a primary radar system, what kind of aerials are used?

An omnidirectional antenna for transmitting, and a directional antenna for receiving.

One directional antenna for transmitting and one for receiving.

A directional antenna for transmitting, and an omnidirectional antenna for receiving.

One directional antenna both for transmitting and for receiving.

An omnidirectional antenna for transmitting, and a directional antenna for receiving.

One directional antenna for transmitting and one for receiving.

A directional antenna for transmitting, and an omnidirectional antenna for receiving.

One directional antenna both for transmitting and for receiving.

What describes polarization?

Orientation of the plane of oscillation of the electrical component (E) of the electromagnetic wave.

Orientation of the plane of oscillation of the magnetic component (H) of the electromagnetic wave.

Rotation of the antenna around a fixed axis.

Orientation of the antenna to the North Pole.

Orientation of the plane of oscillation of the electrical component (E) of the electromagnetic wave.

Orientation of the plane of oscillation of the magnetic component (H) of the electromagnetic wave.

Rotation of the antenna around a fixed axis.

Orientation of the antenna to the North Pole.

A Flight Management System (FMS) can provide an Estimated Position Error (EPE) that is often used to check against the Required Navigation Performance (RNP) value of a procedure or airspace. Which of these best describes the EPE?

A sum of all the navigational errors accumulated over time that may be used as a measure of the performance of the navigation system after a flight.

A measure of the accuracy of the flight management system for navigation, and is demonstrated during initial certification of the aircraft.

An average of the navigation errors computed by two or more FMSS when compared against each other and subsequently applied as a correction to improve position accuracy.

A measure of the reasonableness and accuracy of the given flight management position by applying a specific set of rules to the available navigation inputs.

A sum of all the navigational errors accumulated over time that may be used as a measure of the performance of the navigation system after a flight.

A measure of the accuracy of the flight management system for navigation, and is demonstrated during initial certification of the aircraft.

An average of the navigation errors computed by two or more FMSS when compared against each other and subsequently applied as a correction to improve position accuracy.

A measure of the reasonableness and accuracy of the given flight management position by applying a specific set of rules to the available navigation inputs.

An aeroplane is following a terminal procedure requiring the use of RNP 1. The following message appears on the Navigation Display (ND) accompanied by an aural signal: "NAV ACCUR DOWNGRAD" What is the significance of this message?

Some GNSS signals have been lost and RAIM is no longer available.

The FMS position is now based on the IRS position alone; EPE may be less than 1 NM.

The navigation accuracy is less than required accuracy of +/- 1 NM.

The aeroplane is outside the coverage of navigation aids.

Some GNSS signals have been lost and RAIM is no longer available.

The FMS position is now based on the IRS position alone; EPE may be less than 1 NM.

The navigation accuracy is less than required accuracy of +/- 1 NM.

The aeroplane is outside the coverage of navigation aids.

1 / 210

Flashcards

The correct position on an aircraft for the UHF antenna for receiving ILS glide slope signals is...

On the top of the fuselage.

In the tail.

In the nose.

On a wingtip.

What are the modulation signals which can be found on a VOR frequency?

Navigation, voice (ATIS) and identification

Navigation and voice (ATC)

Voice (R/T) and identification

Navigation, GP and identification

Which of the following PBN navigation specifications can be used in Non-Continental En route airspace?

RNP 1 and RNP 0.3 for helicopters

RNP 4 and RNP 2

RNAV 1 and RNP 4

RNP 1 and RNP 0.4

5 and 10

2 and 4

4 and 5

1 and 2

Which statement is true about the use of the Doppler effect in a Doppler VOR?

By using the Doppler effect it is possible to determine the range of the aircraft from the VOR station more accurately.

By using the Doppler effect it is also possible to determine the aircraft’s approach speed to the VOR.

The Doppler effect is used to create a signal which is received by the aircraft’s VOR-receiver as a frequency modulated signal.

The Doppler effect is used to create a signal which is received by the aircraft’s VOR-receiver as an amplitude modulated signal.

Which system is capable of measuring on the ground, the signal errors transmitted by GNSS satellites and transmitting differential corrections and integrity messages to navigation satellites?

ABAS

SBAS

RBAS

GBAS

Some Flight Management Systems have dedicated navigation receivers (for example, DME) allowing for the automatic tune function. The main advantage of the automatic tuning is that...

tuning occurs much quicker than with manual selection.

it provides the best available signals for position calculation.

the calculated position is more correct than with manual selection.

tuning is also possible outside the Designated Operational Coverage (DOC).

When conducting an RNP APCH TO LNAV/VNAV minima, an aircraft's lateral guidance is based on GNSS and its vertical guidance can be based on either...

GBAS or SBAS.

SBAS or Baro-VNAV.

Rad Alt or Baro-VNAV.

GBAS or Rad alt.

The satellite navigation system NAVSTAR GPS uses two navigation frequencies, L1 and L2. Choose the correct statement: SPS: standard positioning service PPS: precise positioning service

The L1 frequency is used for PPS and the L2 frequency is used for SPS.

Both L1 and L2 frequencies are used for PPS.

Only the L2 frequency is used for PPS.

Only the L1 frequency is used for PPS.