grammar

simplest form of a verb. go; work; remember

use of different forms of nouns or pronouns to show their function in a sentence -> difference between I and me, or who and whom

ordinary verbs that can be followed by another ordinary verb (please let go!)

formed with have or get + direct object + past participle, focuses on what is done to someone or something. (why don't you 'get your eyes tested')

part of sentence which contains a subject and a verb, usually joined to the rest of the sentence by a conjunction

sentence in which special emphasis is given to one part (e.g. subject or the object) by using a structure with it or what -> It was you who caused the accident

a singular word used to refer to a group -> family, team

word or expression is used mainly in informal speeach, not in careful, formal or literary language. -> wheres the loo

a noun which is not a proper name. car; idea; electric guitar. (john;brighton are proper names(or nouns))

a form of adjective or adverb made with the suffix -er (older, faster) also the structure more+ adjective/adverb used in the same way (more useful) way

a part of a sentence that gives more information about the subject (after "be, seem" and some other verbs) or, in some structures, about the object.

compound noun, verb, adjective, preposition etc is one that is made of two or more parts (bus-driver, get on with, in spite of)

these words are used for grammatical structures in which we admit the truth of something that goes against the main argument of the sentence.

sometimes verb forms change according to whether the subject is singular or plural (he thinks, they think) or according to whether the subject is first, second or third person (I am, you are, he is) This agreement with the subject is called concord

(the opposite of an abstract noun) the name of something which we can experience by direct physical contact or perception, cloud, pertrol, rasberry

1. a verb form made by using the modal auxiliary would(also should in 1. person) 2. a clause or sentence containing if (or similar) and often containing a conditional verb form

a word like and, but, although, because, when, etc which can be used to join clauses together

the same as progressive

a short form in which a subject and an auxiliary verb, or a verb and the word not are joined together into one word (I'm, who'll, can't)

the same as colloquial

an active verb is one like breaks, will help, told (not like is broken, will be helped, was told, which are passive verb forms) The subject of an active verb is usually the person or thing that does the action, or is responsible for what happens

word like green, hungry, impossible, used when we describe people, things, events, etc.

clause introduced by relative pronound that does the same job as an adjective f.e.: a baby "that wants to eat" (a "hungry" baby)

participle clause that does the same job as an adjective (anybody "wanting to eat" should help themselves now)

word like tomorrow, once, badly, there, also, used to say for example, when, where or how something happens

clause that does same job as adverb, used to say when, where, how etc something is happening (I'll see you "when you get back" (instead of tomorrow))

word like up, out off, used as part of a phrasal verb (clean "up"; sold "out")

short group of words that does same job as adverb (on tuesday, in the bathroom)

group of words that does it is even so with us all job as an adverb, the same as adverb phrase or adverb clause

adverb clause intorduced by participle ("not knowing what to do," I telephoned robin)

affirmative sentence, not negative (I agree and not I dont agree)

anti-, post-, -er, -ish -> anti-american, postwar, older, greenish (prefixes and suffixes)

the expression that says who (or what) an action is done by

use of articles (and pronouns) to 'point backwards' -> "I put the money back in my pocket" article 'the' in 'the money' shows that the money has been mentioned before

noun with which a relative pronoun or relative clause is connected. "theres 'the child' who broke my window" -> "the child" is the antecedent of "who"

the same as preparatory subject, -object

"harry, my brother in law, is a policeman" -> descriptive expression "my brother in law" is not connected to the subject by any prepsition or conjunction

a, an and the -> a/an is called the indefinite article, the is the definite article

use of verb forms to show meanings like: whether an action was going on at a particular time, or whether it had been completed (it was raining, it had rained)