What situation may result in the occurrence of severe wind shear?

When a shower is visible close to the airfield

Cross-country flying below Cu clouds with about 4 octas coverage

Flying ahead of a warm front with visible Ci clouds

When a shower is visible close to the airfield

During final approach, 30 min after a heavy shower has passed the airfield

What conditions are favourable for the formation of thunderstorms?

Warm humid air, conditionally unstable environmental lapse rate

Warm and dry air, strong inversion layer

Calm winds and cold air, overcast cloud cover with St or As.

Clear night over land, cold air and patches of fog

What conditions are mandatory for the formation of thunderstorms?

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, low temperature and low humidity

Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity

Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and low humidity

Conditionally unstable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity

card2brain.ch

What danger is most imminent when an aircraft is hit by lightning?

Disturbed radio communication, static noise signals

Explosion of electrical equipment in the cockpit

Surface overheat and damage to exposed aircraft parts

Rapid cabin depressurization and smoke in the cabin

Disturbed radio communication, static noise signals

Explosion of electrical equipment in the cockpit

Surface overheat and damage to exposed aircraft parts

Rapid cabin depressurization and smoke in the cabin

Heavy downdrafts and strong wind shear close to the ground can be expected...

during cold, clear nights with the formation of radiation fog.

during warm summer days with high, flatted Cu clouds.

during approach to an airfield at the coast with a strong sea breeze.

near the rainfall areas of heavy showers or thunderstorms.

during cold, clear nights with the formation of radiation fog.

during warm summer days with high, flatted Cu clouds.

during approach to an airfield at the coast with a strong sea breeze.

near the rainfall areas of heavy showers or thunderstorms.

What phenomenon is caused by cold air downdrafts with precipitation from a fully developed thunderstorm cloud?

Electrical discharge

Anvil-head top of Cb cloud

Gust front

Freezing Rain

Electrical discharge

Anvil-head top of Cb cloud

Gust front

Freezing Rain

What has to be considered when taking off in a ground inversion?

During the climb, a sudden increase in speed and climb performance has to be expected

Due to low temperatures close to the ground, icing has to be expected

During climb, a sudden decrease in speed and climb performance has to be expected

Climb should be performed with the lowest possible speed and maximum power

During the climb, a sudden increase in speed and climb performance has to be expected

Due to low temperatures close to the ground, icing has to be expected

During climb, a sudden decrease in speed and climb performance has to be expected

Climb should be performed with the lowest possible speed and maximum power

What danger is most imminent during an approach to an airfield situated in a valley, with strong wind aloft blowing perpendicular to the mountain ridge?

Heavy downdrafts within rainfall areas below thunderstorm clouds

Wind shear during descent, wind direction may change by 180°

Reduced visibility, maybe loss of sight to the airfield during final approach

Formation of medium to heavy clear ice on all aircraft surfaces

Heavy downdrafts within rainfall areas below thunderstorm clouds

Wind shear during descent, wind direction may change by 180°

Reduced visibility, maybe loss of sight to the airfield during final approach

Formation of medium to heavy clear ice on all aircraft surfaces

What kind of reduction in visibility is not affected by temperature?

Patches of fog (BCFG)

Radiation fog (FG)

Mist (BR)

Haze (HZ)

Patches of fog (BCFG)

Radiation fog (FG)

Mist (BR)

Haze (HZ)

Pressure and frontal information are stated in the...

surface weather chart.

hypsometric chart.

wind chart.

Significant Weather Chart (SWC).

surface weather chart.

hypsometric chart.

wind chart.

Significant Weather Chart (SWC).

Which weather chart shows the actual air pressure as in MSL along with pressure centers and fronts?

Surface weather chart

Prognostic chart

Hypsometric chart

Wind chart

Surface weather chart

Prognostic chart

Hypsometric chart

Wind chart

What information can be obtained from satellite images?

Overview of cloud covers and front lines

Temperature and dew point of environmental air

Turbulence and icing

Flight visibility, ground visibility, and ground contact

Overview of cloud covers and front lines

Temperature and dew point of environmental air

Turbulence and icing

Flight visibility, ground visibility, and ground contact

What chart shows areas of precipitation?

Satellite picture

GAFOR

Radar picture

Wind chart

Satellite picture

GAFOR

Radar picture

Wind chart

What information is NOT found on Low-Level Significant Weather Charts (LLSWC)?

Information about icing conditions

Radar echos of precipitation

Information about turbulence areas

Front lines and frontal displacements

Information about icing conditions

Radar echos of precipitation

Information about turbulence areas

Front lines and frontal displacements

What information can NOT be obtained from a Significant Weather Chart (SWC)?

Temperature at planned flight level

Height of the tropopause

Areas with expected icing conditions

Areas with expected turbulence

Temperature at planned flight level

Height of the tropopause

Areas with expected icing conditions

Areas with expected turbulence

Measured pressure distribution in MSL and corresponding frontal systems are displayed by the...

Significant Weather Chart (SWC).

surface weather chart.

hypsometric chart.

prognostic chart.

Significant Weather Chart (SWC).

surface weather chart.

hypsometric chart.

prognostic chart.

In a METAR, "heavy rain" is designated by the identifier...

+SHRA.

SHRA.

+RA.

RA.

+SHRA.

SHRA.

+RA.

RA.

In a METAR, "showers of rain" are designated by the identifier...

+SHRA.

TS.

+RA.

SHRA.

+SHRA.

TS.

+RA.

SHRA.

What information can be found in the ATIS, but not in a METAR?

Approach information, such as ground visibility and cloud base

Information about current weather, for example types of precipitation

Information about mean wind speeds, maximum speeds in gusts if applicable

Operational information such as runway in use and transition level

Approach information, such as ground visibility and cloud base

Information about current weather, for example types of precipitation

Information about mean wind speeds, maximum speeds in gusts if applicable

Operational information such as runway in use and transition level

Weather and operational information about the destination aerodrome can be obtained during the flight by...

VOLMET.

PIREP.

SIGMET.

ATIS.

VOLMET.

PIREP.

SIGMET.

ATIS.

What message should be checked before each flight to be informed about flight hazards?

TAF

SIGMET

GAFOR

GAMET

TAF

SIGMET

GAFOR

GAMET

SIGMET warnings are issued for...

airports.

FIRs / UIRs.

specific routings.

countries.

airports.

FIRs / UIRs.

specific routings.

countries.

What factor may affect the top of cumulus clouds?

Relative humidity

The spread

The presence of an inversion layer

The absolute humidity

Relative humidity

The spread

The presence of an inversion layer

The absolute humidity

What situation is called "over-development" in a weather report?

Vertical development of Cumulus clouds to rain showers

Change from blue thermals to cloudy thermals during the afternoon

Widespreading of Cumulus clouds below an inversion layer

Development of a thermal low to a storm depression

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Vertical development of Cumulus clouds to rain showers

Change from blue thermals to cloudy thermals during the afternoon

Widespreading of Cumulus clouds below an inversion layer

Development of a thermal low to a storm depression

What is the gas composition of "air"?

Oxygen 21 % Nitrogen 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Nitrogen 21 % Oxygen 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Oxygen 78 % Water vapour 21 % Nitrogen 1 %

Oxygen 21 % Water vapour 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Oxygen 21 % Nitrogen 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Nitrogen 21 % Oxygen 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Oxygen 78 % Water vapour 21 % Nitrogen 1 %

Oxygen 21 % Water vapour 78 % Noble gases / carbon dioxide 1 %

Weather phenomena are most common to be found in which atmospheric layer?

Stratosphere

Troposphere

Tropopause

Thermosphere

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Stratosphere

Troposphere

Tropopause

Thermosphere

What is the mass of a "cube of air" with the edges 1 m long?

0,01225 kg

0,1225 kg

1,225 kg

12,25 kg

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

0,01225 kg

0,1225 kg

1,225 kg

12,25 kg

At what rate does the temperature change with increasing height according to ISA (International Standard Atmosphere) within the troposphere?

Increases by 2° C / 100 m

Decreases by 2° C / 100 m

Decreases by 2° C / 1000 ft

Increases by 2° C / 1000 ft

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Increases by 2° C / 100 m

Decreases by 2° C / 100 m

Decreases by 2° C / 1000 ft

Increases by 2° C / 1000 ft

What is the mean height of the tropopause according to ISA (International Standard Atmosphere)?

11000 ft

18000 ft

36000 m

11000 m

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

11000 ft

18000 ft

36000 m

11000 m

The term "tropopause" is defined as...

the boundary area between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

the layer above the troposphere showing an increasing temperature.

the boundary area between the mesosphere and the stratosphere.

the height above which the temperature starts to decrease.

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

the boundary area between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

the layer above the troposphere showing an increasing temperature.

the boundary area between the mesosphere and the stratosphere.

the height above which the temperature starts to decrease.

Temperatures will be given by meteorological aviation services in Europe in which unit?

Kelvin

Degrees Fahrenheit

Degrees Centigrade (° C)

Gpdam

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Kelvin

Degrees Fahrenheit

Degrees Centigrade (° C)

Gpdam

What is meant by "inversion layer"?

An atmospheric layer where temperature increases with increasing height

An atmospheric layer where temperature decreases with increasing height

An atmospheric layer with constant temperature with increasing height

A boundary area between two other layers within the atmosphere

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

An atmospheric layer where temperature increases with increasing height

An atmospheric layer where temperature decreases with increasing height

An atmospheric layer with constant temperature with increasing height

A boundary area between two other layers within the atmosphere

What is meant by "isothermal layer"?

An atmospheric layer where temperature increases with increasing height

An atmospheric layer where temperature decreases with increasing height

An atmospheric layer with constant temperature with increasing height

A boundary area between two other layers within the atmosphere

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

An atmospheric layer where temperature increases with increasing height

An atmospheric layer where temperature decreases with increasing height

An atmospheric layer with constant temperature with increasing height

A boundary area between two other layers within the atmosphere

The mean temperature lapse rate with increasing height within the troposphere is...

2° C / 100 m.

2° C / 100 ft.

1° C / 100 m.

0,65° C / 100 m.

2° C / 100 m.

2° C / 100 ft.

1° C / 100 m.

0,65° C / 100 m.

Which process may result in an inversion layer at about 5000 ft (1500 m) height?

Ground cooling by radiation during the night

Widespread descending air within a high pressure area

Intensive sunlight insolation during a warm summer day

Advection of cool air in the upper troposphere

Ground cooling by radiation during the night

Widespread descending air within a high pressure area

Intensive sunlight insolation during a warm summer day

Advection of cool air in the upper troposphere

An inversion layer close to the ground can be caused by...

ground cooling during the night.

thickening of clouds in medium layers.

large-scale lifting of air.

intensifying and gusting winds.

ground cooling during the night.

thickening of clouds in medium layers.

large-scale lifting of air.

intensifying and gusting winds.

What is the ISA standard pressure at FL 180 (5500 m)?

1013.25 hPa

250 hPa

500 hPa

300 hPa

1013.25 hPa

250 hPa

500 hPa

300 hPa

The pressure which is measured at a ground station and reduced to mean sea level (MSL) by means of the actual atmospheric conditions is called...

QFF.

QNH.

QFE.

QNE.

QFF.

QNH.

QFE.

QNE.

How do air density and flight performance change with decreasing temperature (at constant pressure)?

Air density increases, flight performance increases

Air density decreases, flight performance decreases

Air density increases, flight performance decreases

Air density decreases, flight performance increases

Air density increases, flight performance increases

Air density decreases, flight performance decreases

Air density increases, flight performance decreases

Air density decreases, flight performance increases

Which processes result in decreasing air density?

Increasing temperature, increasing pressure

Decreasing temperature, increasing pressure

Decreasing temperature, decreasing pressure

Increasing temperature, decreasing pressure

Increasing temperature, increasing pressure

Decreasing temperature, increasing pressure

Decreasing temperature, decreasing pressure

Increasing temperature, decreasing pressure

The pressure at MSL in ISA conditions is...

1013.25 hPa.

113.25 hPa.

15 hPa.

1123 hPa.

1013.25 hPa.

113.25 hPa.

15 hPa.

1123 hPa.

The height of the tropopause of the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) is at...

36000 ft.

11000 ft.

5500 ft.

48000 ft.

36000 ft.

11000 ft.

5500 ft.

48000 ft.

The barometric altimeter indicates height above...

mean sea level.

a selected reference pressure level.

standard pressure 1013.25 hPa.

ground.

mean sea level.

a selected reference pressure level.

standard pressure 1013.25 hPa.

ground.

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