PPL (80) Aircraft General Knowledge

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This flashcard set covers advanced aircraft instrumentation and systems at a university level. It focuses on key components like the pitot-static system, airspeed indicators, altimeters, and engine management, including pressure systems, fuel indicators, and temperature gauges. Pilots and aviation students will benefit from understanding how these instruments function and their role in safe flight operations, ensuring accurate readings and proper maintenance.

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Sprache

Englisch

Kategorie

Technik

Stufe

Universität

Erstellt / Aktualisiert

14.12.2024 / 14.12.2024

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Which of the following states the working principle of an airspeed indicator?

Total air pressure is measured by the static ports and converted into a speed indication by the airspeed indicator

Dynamic air pressure is measured by the Pitot tube and converted into a speed indication by the airspeed indicator

Total air pressure is measured and compared against static air pressure

Static air pressure is measured and compared against a vacuum

Total air pressure is measured by the static ports and converted into a speed indication by the airspeed indicator

Dynamic air pressure is measured by the Pitot tube and converted into a speed indication by the airspeed indicator

Total air pressure is measured and compared against static air pressure

Static air pressure is measured and compared against a vacuum

What is necessary for the determination of speed (IAS) by the airspeed indicator?

The difference between the total pressure and the static pressure

The difference between the total pressure and the dynamic pressure

The difference between the standard pressure and the total pressure

The difference between the dynamic pressure and the static pressure

The difference between the total pressure and the static pressure

The difference between the total pressure and the dynamic pressure

The difference between the standard pressure and the total pressure

The difference between the dynamic pressure and the static pressure

What is the meaning of the white arc on the airspeed indicator?

Speed range in smooth air

Speed range for extended flaps

Speed range in bumpy air

Speed range not to exceed

Speed range in smooth air

Speed range for extended flaps

Speed range in bumpy air

Speed range not to exceed

The red marking at the end of the yellow arc (5) indicates which airspeed?

VNE: Never-exceed speed

VFE: Maximum flap extended speed

VS1: Stall speed with flaps up

VNO: Maximum speed for normal operations

VNE: Never-exceed speed

VFE: Maximum flap extended speed

VS1: Stall speed with flaps up

VNO: Maximum speed for normal operations

The Caution Area is marked on an airspeed indicator by what color?

Red

Yellow

White

Green

Red

Yellow

White

Green

Where does the inclination reach its lowest value?

At the geographic equator

At the magnetic poles

At the geographic poles

At the magnetic equator

At the geographic equator

At the magnetic poles

At the geographic poles

At the magnetic equator

The term "inclination" is defined as...

Angle between airplane's longitudinal axis and true north

Angle between earth's magnetic field lines and horizontal plane

Deviation induced by electrical fields

Angle between magnetic and true north

Angle between airplane's longitudinal axis and true north

Angle between earth's magnetic field lines and horizontal plane

Deviation induced by electrical fields

Angle between magnetic and true north

Electronic devices on board of an aeroplane have influence on the...

Turn coordinator

Artificial horizon

Direct reading compass

Airspeed indicator

Turn coordinator

Artificial horizon

Direct reading compass

Airspeed indicator

The compass error caused by the aircraft's magnetic field is called...

Deviation

Declination

Variation

Inclination

Deviation

Declination

Variation

Inclination

The indication of a magnetic compass deviates from magnetic north direction due to what errors?

Inclination and declination of the earth's magnetic field

Deviation, turning and acceleration errors

Gravity and magnetism

Variation, turning and acceleration errors

Inclination and declination of the earth's magnetic field

Deviation, turning and acceleration errors

Gravity and magnetism

Variation, turning and acceleration errors

An aircraft in the northern hemisphere intends to turn on the shortest way from a heading of 030° to a heading of 180°. At approximately which indicated magnetic heading should the turn be terminated?

180°

360°

210°

150°

180°

360°

210°

150°

An aircraft in the northern hemisphere intends to turn on the shortest way from a heading of 360° to a heading of 270°. At approximately which indication of the magnetic compass should the turn be terminated?

300°

270°

240°

360°

300°

270°

240°

360°

What behaviour is shown by a rotating gyro in space?

It tends to maintain its position in space

It moves in circles with a steadily decreasing radius

It moves in accordance with the body surrounding it

It swings from east to west like a pendulum

It tends to maintain its position in space

It moves in circles with a steadily decreasing radius

It moves in accordance with the body surrounding it

It swings from east to west like a pendulum

What does the slip indicator show?

Apparent vertical

Airplane's bank

Vertical to horizon

Rate of turn

Apparent vertical

Airplane's bank

Vertical to horizon

Rate of turn

A turn and bank (or turn and slip) coordinator provides information regarding...

The rate of turn and coordination, i.e., slip or skid, of the turn

The coordination of the turn and slip angle

The rate of turn and bank angle of the aircraft

The pitch and bank angle of the aircraft

The rate of turn and coordination, i.e., slip or skid, of the turn

The coordination of the turn and slip angle

The rate of turn and bank angle of the aircraft

The pitch and bank angle of the aircraft

The bank angle of a 2-minutes circle depends on the...

CAS

IAS

TAS

Ground speed

CAS

IAS

TAS

Ground speed

The slip indicator's ball (apparent vertical) has moved to the right during a right turn. By what actions may the ball be led back to the middle position?

Increase bank, increase rate of turn

Reduce bank, increase rate of turn

Reduce rate of turn, reduce bank

Reduce speed, increase bank

Increase bank, increase rate of turn

Reduce bank, increase rate of turn

Reduce rate of turn, reduce bank

Reduce speed, increase bank

A horizontal situation indicator (HSI) combines the information provided by...

The directional gyro and the flight director

The rate gyro and the slip indicator

The attitude indicator and the flight director

The directional gyro and the VHF navigation receiver

The directional gyro and the flight director

The rate gyro and the slip indicator

The attitude indicator and the flight director

The directional gyro and the VHF navigation receiver

Which light colour advises the pilot to the condition "corrective action may be required in the future"?

Amber (orange)

Red

Green

Blue

Amber (orange)

Red

Green

Blue

What values are usually marked with a red line on instrument displays?

Recommended areas

Operational areas

Operational limits

Caution areas

Recommended areas

Operational areas

Operational limits

Caution areas

The load factor "n" describes the relationship between...

drag and lift.

thrust and drag.

lift and weight.

weight and thrust.

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

drag and lift.

thrust and drag.

lift and weight.

weight and thrust.

The fuselage structure may be damaged by...

airspeed decreasing below a certain value.

stall after exceeding the maximum angle of attack.

exceeding the manoeuvering speed in heavy gusts.

neutralizing stick forces according to actual flight state.

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

airspeed decreasing below a certain value.

stall after exceeding the maximum angle of attack.

exceeding the manoeuvering speed in heavy gusts.

neutralizing stick forces according to actual flight state.

The thickness of the wing is defined as the distance between the lower and the upper side of the wing at the...

thickest part of the wing.

most outer part of the wing.

thinnest part of the wing.

most inner part of the wing.

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

thickest part of the wing.

most outer part of the wing.

thinnest part of the wing.

most inner part of the wing.

The sandwich structure consists of two...

thick layers and a heavy core material.

thick layers and a light core material.

thin layers and a light core material.

thin layers and a heavy core material.

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

thick layers and a heavy core material.

thick layers and a light core material.

thin layers and a light core material.

thin layers and a heavy core material.

Which are the advantages of sandwich structures?

Low weight, high stiffness, high stability, and high strength

High strength and good formability

Good formability and high temperature durability

High temperature durability and low weight

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Low weight, high stiffness, high stability, and high strength

High strength and good formability

Good formability and high temperature durability

High temperature durability and low weight

What is a tubular steel construction with a non self-supporting skin referred to as?

Semi-monocoque construction.

Grid construction

Honeycomb structure

Monocoque construction

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Semi-monocoque construction.

Grid construction

Honeycomb structure

Monocoque construction

What are the major components of an aircraft's tail?

Horizontal tail and vertical tail

Steering wheel and pedals

Rudder and ailerons

Ailerons and elevator

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Horizontal tail and vertical tail

Steering wheel and pedals

Rudder and ailerons

Ailerons and elevator

Which constructional elements give the wing its profile shape?

Tip

Planking

Spar

Ribs

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Tip

Planking

Spar

Ribs

Which of the stated materials shows the highest strength?

Aluminium

Wood

Carbon fiber re-inforced plastic

Magnesium

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Aluminium

Wood

Carbon fiber re-inforced plastic

Magnesium

A construction made of frames and stringer with a supporting skin is called...

Semi-monocoque construction.

Honeycomb structure.

Wood- or mixed construction.

Grid construction.

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Semi-monocoque construction.

Honeycomb structure.

Wood- or mixed construction.

Grid construction.

Primary fuselage structures of wood or metal planes are usually made up by what components?

Covers, stringers and forming parts

Girders, ribs and stringers

Ribs, frames and covers

Frames and stringer

Covers, stringers and forming parts

Girders, ribs and stringers

Ribs, frames and covers

Frames and stringer

Reasons for dents in the aircraft structure are...

hard landing or excessive stress.

material defects or old colour.

intense erosion or high wear.

excessive engine rpm and cylinder defects.

hard landing or excessive stress.

material defects or old colour.

intense erosion or high wear.

excessive engine rpm and cylinder defects.

Number 1 on the gear designates the...

inner shock absorber.

strut.

torque link.

fork.

inner shock absorber.

strut.

torque link.

fork.

How is the nose or tail wheel usually controlled on small aircraft and motor gliders?

By weight movement

By the steering wheel

By the pedals

By the control column

By weight movement

By the steering wheel

By the pedals

By the control column

What kind of control surface is connected with the nose wheel?

Trim rudder

Rudder

Aileron

Elevator

Trim rudder

Rudder

Aileron

Elevator

About how many axes does an aircraft move and what are these axes called?

3; vertical axis, lateral axis, longitudinal axis

4; vertical axis, lateral axis, longitudinal axis, axis of speed

4; optical axis, imaginary axis, sagged axis, axis of evil

3; x-axis, y-axis, z-axis

3; vertical axis, lateral axis, longitudinal axis

4; vertical axis, lateral axis, longitudinal axis, axis of speed

4; optical axis, imaginary axis, sagged axis, axis of evil

3; x-axis, y-axis, z-axis

What are the primary and the secondary effects of a rudder input to the left?

Primary: yaw to the left Secondary: roll to the right

Primary: yaw to the left Secondary: roll to the left

Primary: yaw to the right Secondary: roll to the right

Primary: yaw to the right Secondary: roll to the left

Primary: yaw to the left Secondary: roll to the right

Primary: yaw to the left Secondary: roll to the left

Primary: yaw to the right Secondary: roll to the right

Primary: yaw to the right Secondary: roll to the left

A movement around the longitudinal axis is primarily initiated by the...

rudder.

ailerons.

elevator.

trim tab.

rudder.

ailerons.

elevator.

trim tab.

What is the effect of pulling the control yoke or stick backwards?

The aircraft's tail will produce an increased downward force, causing the aircraft's nose to drop

The aircraft's tail will produce an increased downward force, causing the aircraft's nose to rise

The aircraft's tail will produce an increased upward force, causing the aircraft's nose to rise

The aircraft's tail will produce an decreased upward force, causing the aircraft's nose to drop

The aircraft's tail will produce an increased downward force, causing the aircraft's nose to drop

The aircraft's tail will produce an increased downward force, causing the aircraft's nose to rise

The aircraft's tail will produce an increased upward force, causing the aircraft's nose to rise

The aircraft's tail will produce an decreased upward force, causing the aircraft's nose to drop

What is the purpose of the secondary flight controls?

To constitute a backup system for the primary flight controls

To enable the pilot to control the aircraft's movements about its three axes

To improve the performance characteristics of an aircraft and relieve the pilot of excessive control forces

To improve the turn characteristics of an aircraft in the low speed regime during approach and landing

To constitute a backup system for the primary flight controls

To enable the pilot to control the aircraft's movements about its three axes

To improve the performance characteristics of an aircraft and relieve the pilot of excessive control forces

To improve the turn characteristics of an aircraft in the low speed regime during approach and landing

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Flashcards

What behaviour is shown by a rotating gyro in space?

It tends to maintain its position in space

It moves in circles with a steadily decreasing radius

It moves in accordance with the body surrounding it

It swings from east to west like a pendulum

What does the slip indicator show?

Apparent vertical

Airplane's bank

Vertical to horizon

Rate of turn

A turn and bank (or turn and slip) coordinator provides information regarding...

The rate of turn and coordination, i.e., slip or skid, of the turn

The coordination of the turn and slip angle

The rate of turn and bank angle of the aircraft

The pitch and bank angle of the aircraft

The bank angle of a 2-minutes circle depends on the...

CAS

IAS

TAS

Ground speed

The slip indicator's ball (apparent vertical) has moved to the right during a right turn. By what actions may the ball be led back to the middle position?

Increase bank, increase rate of turn

Reduce bank, increase rate of turn

Reduce rate of turn, reduce bank

Reduce speed, increase bank

A horizontal situation indicator (HSI) combines the information provided by...

The directional gyro and the flight director

The rate gyro and the slip indicator

The attitude indicator and the flight director

The directional gyro and the VHF navigation receiver

Which light colour advises the pilot to the condition "corrective action may be required in the future"?

Amber (orange)

Red

Green

Blue

What values are usually marked with a red line on instrument displays?

Recommended areas

Operational areas

Operational limits

Caution areas

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PPL (80) Aircraft General Knowledge

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