PPL (80) Aircraft General Knowledge

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This flashcard set covers advanced aircraft instrumentation and systems at a university level. It focuses on key components like the pitot-static system, airspeed indicators, altimeters, and engine management, including pressure systems, fuel indicators, and temperature gauges. Pilots and aviation students will benefit from understanding how these instruments function and their role in safe flight operations, ensuring accurate readings and proper maintenance.

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Sprache

Englisch

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Technik

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Universität

Erstellt / Aktualisiert

14.12.2024 / 14.12.2024

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Flashcards

With increasing altitude and unchanged mixture setting, the air/fuel mixture...

becomes liquid.

becomes more lean.

becomes richer.

stays constant.

How should an Otto engine be shut down?

By moving the propeller to the feathered position

By shutting down the generator

By completely leaning the mixture

By closing the throttle lever completely

Which gauges involve a measurement of temperature?

Engine lubricant, engine cooling fluid, cylinder head, exhaust gas, outside air, cabin air

Engine oil, cylinder head, exhaust gas, altimeter, airspeed indicator, vertical speed indicator

Engine lubricant, exhaust gas, outside air, cabin air, directional gyro

Engine lubricant, cylinder head, exhaust gas, suction, outside air, cabin air

Fuel quantity in small aircraft is most commonly measured through a level sensor. The European Certification Specifications CS 23 require that...

at least one fuel quantity indicator must be available to indicate the total amount of fuel aboard an aircraft. This Indicator must be calibrated adequately to indicate the correct amount of fuel during all phases of flight.

a fuel quantity indicator must be available for each tank and the indicator must be calibrated to read "zero" during level flight when the quantity of fuel remaining in the tank is equal to the unusable fuel supply.

if no fuel quantity indicator is available to the pilot in flight, the pilot must check the fuel quantity before commencing the flight and recalculate the remaining fuel on board in regular intervals during the flight.

if the fuel indicator fails, the pilot must land at the next available airport.

What does the dynamic pressure depend directly on?

Air density and lift coefficient

Air pressure and air temperature

Air density and airflow speed squared

Lift- and drag coefficient

The term "static pressure" is defined as pressure...

sensed by the pitot tube.

inside the airplane cabin.

of undisturbed airflow.

resulting from orderly flow of air particles.

The Pitot / static system is required to...

prevent icing of the Pitot tube.

measure total and static air pressure.

prevent potential static buildup on the aircraft.

correct the reading of the airspeed indicator to zero when the aircraft is static on the ground.

Which cockpit instruments are connected to the static port?

Altimeter, slip indicator, navigational computer

Airspeed indicator, direct-reading compass, slip indicator

Airspeed indicator, altimeter, direct-reading compass

Altimeter, vertical speed indicator, airspeed indicator

Which pressure is sensed by the Pitot tube?

Static air pressure

Total air pressure

Dynamic air pressure

Cabin air pressure

Which of the mentioned cockpit instruments is connected to the pitot tube?

Altimeter

Airspeed indicator

Direct-reading compass

Vertical speed indicator

The altimeter's reference scale is set to airfield pressure (QFE). What indication is shown during the flight?

Altitude above MSL

Pressure altitude

Height above airfield

Airfield elevation

A true altitude is...

an altitude above mean sea level corrected for non-standard temperature.

a height above ground level corrected for non-standard temperature.

a pressure altitude corrected for non-standard temperature.

a height above ground level corrected for non-standard pressure.

Which instrument can be affected by the hysteresis error?

Tachometer

Vertical speed indicator

Altimeter

Direct reading compass

The measurement of altitude is based on the change of the...

total pressure.

dynamic pressure.

static pressure.

differential pressure.

Which is the purpose of the altimeter subscale?

To set the reference level for the altitude decoder of the transponder

To adjust the altimeter reading for non-standard temperature

To reference the altimeter reading to a predetermined level such as mean sea level, aerodrome level or pressure level 1013.25 hPa

To correct the altimeter reading for system errors

When is it necessary to adjust the pressure in the reference scale of an altimeter?

After maintenance has been finished

Every day before the first flight

Before every flight and during cross country flights

Once a month before flight operation

In which way may an altimeter subscale which is set to an incorrect QNH lead to an incorrect altimeter reading?

If the subscale is set to a lower than actual pressure, the indication is too high. This may lead to much closer proximity to the ground than intended

If the subscale is set to a higher than actual pressure, the indication is too low. This may lead to much greater heights above the ground than intended

If the subscale is set to a higher than actual pressure, the indication is too high. This may lead to much closer proximity to the ground than intended

If the subscale is set to a lower than actual pressure, the indication is too low. This may lead to much closer proximity to the ground than intended

Lower-than-standard temperature may lead to...

a blockage of the Pitot tube by ice, freezing the altimeter indication to its present value.

an altitude indication which is too low.

an altitude indication which is too high.

a correct altitude indication as long as the altimeter subscale is set to correct for non-standard temperature.

What difference in altitude is shown by an altimeter, if the reference pressure scale setting is changed from 1000 hPa to 1010 hPa?

80 m less than before

80 m more than before

Zero

Values depending on QNH

The vertical speed indicator measures the difference of pressure between...

the present dynamic pressure and the dynamic pressure of a previous moment.

the present static pressure and the static pressure of a previous moment.

the present total pressure and the total pressure of a previous moment.

the present dynamic pressure and the static pressure of a previous moment.

Which of the following options states the working principle of a vertical speed indicator?

Total air pressure is measured and compared to static pressure

Measuring the present static air pressure and comparing it to the static air pressure inside a reservoir

Measuring the vertical acceleration through the displacement of a gimbal-mounted mass

Static air pressure is measured and compared against a vacuum

A vertical speed indicator measures the difference between...

Total pressure and static pressure

Instantaneous total pressure and previous total pressure

Instantaneous static pressure and previous static pressure

Dynamic pressure and total pressure

A vertical speed indicator connected to a too big equalizing tank results in...

Indication too low

No indication

Indication too high

Mechanical overload

QFE is the...

Magnetic bearing to a station

Altitude above the reference pressure level 1013.25 hPa

Barometric pressure at a reference datum, typically the runway threshold of an airfield

Barometric pressure adjusted to sea level, using the international standard atmosphere (ISA)

QNE is the...

Magnetic bearing to a station

Barometric pressure adjusted to sea level, using the international standard atmosphere (ISA)

Altitude above the reference pressure level 1013.25 hPa

Barometric pressure at a reference datum, typically the runway threshold of an airfield

Calibrated airspeed (CAS) equals...

Ground speed (GS) corrected for instrument and position error

Equivalent airspeed (EAS) corrected for altitude

True airspeed (TAS) corrected for wind

Indicated airspeed (IAS) corrected for instrument and position error

At higher altitudes, true airspeed (TAS) tends to be higher than calibrated airspeed (CAS). A rough estimate of the TAS can be obtained by...

Subtracting 10 % of the CAS for every 1000 m altitude

Adding 2 % of the CAS for every 1000 ft altitude

Adding 10 % of the CAS for every 1000 ft altitude

Subtracting 2 % of the CAS for every 1000 ft altitude

An aircraft cruises on a heading of 180° with a true airspeed of 110 kt. The wind comes from 180° with 30 kt, pressure altitude is 5000 ft. Neglecting instrument and position errors, which will be the approximate reading of the airspeed indicator?

110 kt

90 kt

100 kt

120 kt

Which of the following states the working principle of an airspeed indicator?

Total air pressure is measured by the static ports and converted into a speed indication by the airspeed indicator

Dynamic air pressure is measured by the Pitot tube and converted into a speed indication by the airspeed indicator

Total air pressure is measured and compared against static air pressure

Static air pressure is measured and compared against a vacuum

What is necessary for the determination of speed (IAS) by the airspeed indicator?

The difference between the total pressure and the static pressure

The difference between the total pressure and the dynamic pressure

The difference between the standard pressure and the total pressure

The difference between the dynamic pressure and the static pressure

What is the meaning of the white arc on the airspeed indicator?

Speed range in smooth air

Speed range for extended flaps

Speed range in bumpy air

Speed range not to exceed

The red marking at the end of the yellow arc (5) indicates which airspeed?

VNE: Never-exceed speed

VFE: Maximum flap extended speed

VS1: Stall speed with flaps up

VNO: Maximum speed for normal operations

The Caution Area is marked on an airspeed indicator by what color?

Red

Yellow

White

Green

Where does the inclination reach its lowest value?

At the geographic equator

At the magnetic poles

At the geographic poles

At the magnetic equator

The term "inclination" is defined as...

Angle between airplane's longitudinal axis and true north

Angle between earth's magnetic field lines and horizontal plane

Deviation induced by electrical fields

Angle between magnetic and true north

Electronic devices on board of an aeroplane have influence on the...

Turn coordinator

Artificial horizon

Direct reading compass

Airspeed indicator

The compass error caused by the aircraft's magnetic field is called...

Deviation

Declination

Variation

Inclination

The indication of a magnetic compass deviates from magnetic north direction due to what errors?

Inclination and declination of the earth's magnetic field

Deviation, turning and acceleration errors

Gravity and magnetism

Variation, turning and acceleration errors

An aircraft in the northern hemisphere intends to turn on the shortest way from a heading of 030° to a heading of 180°. At approximately which indicated magnetic heading should the turn be terminated?

180°

360°

210°

150°

An aircraft in the northern hemisphere intends to turn on the shortest way from a heading of 360° to a heading of 270°. At approximately which indication of the magnetic compass should the turn be terminated?

300°

270°

240°

360°

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PPL (80) Aircraft General Knowledge

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