Sentence 1 + (の)なら、 Sentence 2 Verb & i-Adj: PS + (の) + なら (You can use no only for Verb & i-Adj, in casual speach they useん ) Noun & na-adj: ーじゃないだったじゃなかった Difference to tara: nara has no time sequence but tara has. So you need to think what comes first

Japanese 2 Grammer

Sophia Uni Japan

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This flashcard set helps university-level learners of Japanese practice grammar, covering essential structures like conditional forms, causal expressions, and polite requests. It includes phrases for everyday situations, such as apologizing, making plans, and expressing certainty. Examples include "If it is the case...," "No wonder that...," and "Having to do something." The platform supports backward learning, allowing users to practice from Japanese to their native language. Ideal for advanced learners and students preparing for exams, these flashcards enhance fluency and communication skills.

Cartes-fiches

329

Utilisateurs

Langue

Allemand

Catégorie

Japonais

Niveau

Université

Créé / Mis à jour

11.10.2023 / 16.11.2023

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You are asking your friends about the trip they are planning

旅行のこときまりましたか。

Your friends asked about your travel plans. Suggest the places that are the options right now.

ええ。今のところ京都、なら、おおさかってところがこうほなんですけど。

Your friend suggested some places where you could travel too. Choose one option that you like。

京都がいいんじゃないでしょうか。

You said that kyoto would be a good option for your travel plans. Tell them why it is a nice place

きれいなお寺がたくさんあるし。

Your friend said he wants to go to kyoto because there are many nice temples. Tell them that Tempels are nice But kyoto is too Far away

そうですね。お寺もいいですけど、京都はとおいですよ。

You told your friend that kyoto is too far away to be a good travel destination. Give an alternative view

もっとちかいところのほうがいいんじゃないでしょうか。

Even if....

Verb: Vte + も

いーAdj:　おいしくても

なーAdj & Noun: + でも

ない　なくて

If... (tara form)

Vta +　ら

i-Adj: おいしかったら

na-Adj & Noun: + だったら

What will you do if it rains

Even if it rains, i will go

雨が降ったらどうしますか。

雨が降っても行きますよ。

What does でも　After a question word mean

It means no matter how much / many / .....

No matter how much I study, I cant remember it

いくら勉強しても、おぼえられません。

Even though

PS　のに

na-Adj & N: な + のに

Supposed to ... / it should be ... / I am very certain that ....

PS　はず　です。

Na-Adj　べんりな

Noun:　Nのはずです。

Expresses the speakers judgement of likelyhood based on some objective information

No wonder that ...., thats why ....

PS わけ　です。

な-Adj: +　な

Noun: Nな / Nという

If it is the case...

Sentence 1 + (の)なら、 Sentence 2

Verb & i-Adj: PS + (の) + なら (You can use no only for Verb & i-Adj, in casual speach they useん )

Noun & na-adj:

ー
じゃない
だった
じゃなかった

Difference to tara:

nara has no time sequence but tara has. So you need to think what comes first

Actually, the truth is

じつは

Just as expected

やっぱり

No doubt, for sure

きっと

I went through all the trouble only to ....

With trouble, at great pains

せっかく

If i remember right

たしか

Noun Modification

z.B. das Buch, das ich gestern gekauft habe

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

Person が Objekt　を　VPS noun は。。。

z.B. わたしが、きのうかった本です

I just recently did ...

Z.B. I just recently came to Japan

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

VPS ばかりです。

日本に来たばかりです。

How to emphazise, that A Quantitiy is a lot or a time is long

Z.B. He studied for TEN HOURS

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

Put も　behind the Quantity or Duration

彼は十時間も勉強をするんです。

Giving outgroup

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

Giver が　Receiver　に　Thing　を　あげる。

Use さしあげる　When receiver has higher status （Humble）

Giving Ingroup

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

Giver が　Receiver　に　Thing　を　くれる。

Use くださる　When Giver has higher status （Honorific）

Receiving

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

Giver が　Receiver　に　Thing　を　あげる。

Use いただく　When receiver has higher status （Humble）

I give a book to my Sensei

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

私が先生に本をさしあげます。

I give a book to my friend

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

私は友だちに本をあげます。

My friend receives a book from sensei.

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

私の友達が、先生から、本を、いただきます。
　　　　　　　　に

Sensei received a book from me.

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

先生が、私から、本を、もらいました。
　　　　　に

Sensei gave My younger sister a book.

先生が、妹に、本を、くださいました。

My little brother gave me a book

弟が、私に、本を、くれました。

How to say that you regret doing ...

Vte shimasu.
　　しまう。

Making an excuse

Reason　もんですから
PS　　　　んです。

How to express modesty

いいえ、そんなこと　（ないですよ）。　Oh not really
いいえ、まだ　（じゃないですよ）。　No I am still quite helpless
いいえ、とんでもありません。　　　　No not at all.

How to ...

Vconj　かた　

Potential form

。。。は。。。が　Vpotential

Vru -> Vrareru

Vu -> Veru

kiru -> korareru

suru -> dekiru

I can speak Japanese

私は日本語がはなせます。

I can drink alkohol

私は、おさけが、飲めます。

More polite form of たぶん

おそらく

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Cartes-fiches

Even though

PS　のに

na-Adj & N: な + のに

Supposed to ... / it should be ... / I am very certain that ....

PS　はず　です。

Na-Adj　べんりな

Noun:　Nのはずです。

Expresses the speakers judgement of likelyhood based on some objective information

No wonder that ...., thats why ....

PS わけ　です。

な-Adj: +　な

Noun: Nな / Nという

If it is the case...

Sentence 1 + (の)なら、 Sentence 2

Verb & i-Adj: PS + (の) + なら (You can use no only for Verb & i-Adj, in casual speach they useん )

Noun & na-adj:

ー
じゃない
だった
じゃなかった

Difference to tara:

nara has no time sequence but tara has. So you need to think what comes first

Actually, the truth is

じつは

Just as expected

やっぱり

No doubt, for sure

きっと

I went through all the trouble only to ....

With trouble, at great pains

せっかく

If i remember right

たしか

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