Set of flashcards Ophthalmology 2022

Flashcards	128
Language	English
Category	Medical
Level	University
Created / Updated	24.05.2022 / 16.02.2025
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What can be confirmed by performing a cover test:

Cataract

Glaucoma

Strabismus

Cataract

Glaucoma

Strabismus

Which answer about the anatomy and function of retina is false:

Optic nerve head should have an orange – pink color, clear and well defined borders

Fovea is a well vascularized zone

Rods have little role in color vision and are concentrated in the outer edges of retina

Optic nerve head should have an orange – pink color, clear and well defined borders

Fovea is a well vascularized zone

Rods have little role in color vision and are concentrated in the outer edges of retina

The probability of a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is NOT

increased patients who:

Have high hypermetropia

Have undergone cataract surgery particularly if this was complicated by vitreous loss

Have experienced a detached retina in the fellow eye

Have high hypermetropia

Have undergone cataract surgery particularly if this was complicated by vitreous loss

Have experienced a detached retina in the fellow eye

What are drusen?

Yellow fat and protein deposits in the macula

Abnormal vessels

Characteristic central scotomas

Yellow fat and protein deposits in the macula

Abnormal vessels

Characteristic central scotomas

What is the possible treatment for wet AMD?

Laser therapy

Anti – VEGF injections

There is no treatment

Laser therapy

Anti – VEGF injections

There is no treatment

Which of the following is the most common type of retinal detachment?

Exudative

Rhegmatogenous

Tractional

Exudative

Rhegmatogenous

Tractional

The characteristic symptom of primary open-angle glaucoma in visual field exam (perimetry) is:

bitemporal hemianopsia

Bjerrum scotoma

scintillating scotoma

bitemporal hemianopsia

Bjerrum scotoma

scintillating scotoma

In what type of glaucoma the measurements of corneal diameter are used?

primary open-angle glaucoma

pigmentary glaucoma

congenital glaucoma

primary open-angle glaucoma

pigmentary glaucoma

congenital glaucoma

Topical use of atropine drops or ointment into the conjunctival sac is contraindicated in:

irydocyclitis

corneal ulcer

primary closed-angle

irydocyclitis

corneal ulcer

primary closed-angle

Reduced corneal reflex is typical for:

peripheral ulcerative keratitis

Herpes Simplex keratitis

fungal keratitis (keratomycosis)

peripheral ulcerative keratitis

Herpes Simplex keratitis

fungal keratitis (keratomycosis)

What changes can occur in the vision field if a pituitary tumor is found?

contralateral homonymous hemianopia

concentric visual field contraction

bitemporal hemianopia

contralateral homonymous hemianopia

concentric visual field contraction

bitemporal hemianopia

Beta-blockers decrease the intraocular pressure by:

decreasing uveoscleral outflow of aqueous humor

decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor

contraction of the ciliary muscle that allows aqueous humor outflow through trabecular network

decreasing uveoscleral outflow of aqueous humor

decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor

contraction of the ciliary muscle that allows aqueous humor outflow through trabecular network

Paralytic strabismus - indicate the correct answer:

diplopia never occurs

primary angle = secondary angle

lack/restriction of movement of the eye in the direction of paralyzed muscle

diplopia never occurs

primary angle = secondary angle

lack/restriction of movement of the eye in the direction of paralyzed muscle

By which method we can diagnose strabismus latens heterophoria?

fly test

synoptophore examination

cover test

fly test

synoptophore examination

cover test

Conjunctivitis giganto-papillaris of the upper lid can suggest:

keratitis after trauma

conjunctivitis that occur in spring

bacterial conjunctivitis with H. influenza etiology

keratitis after trauma

conjunctivitis that occur in spring

bacterial conjunctivitis with H. influenza etiology

How is the eye funds examined in premature infants?

a) simple ophthalmoscopy (fundoscopy)

b) Goldmann three mirror lens

c) Fison binocular indirect ophthalmoscope

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

a) simple ophthalmoscopy (fundoscopy)

b) Goldmann three mirror lens

c) Fison binocular indirect ophthalmoscope

1. The patient complains of a sudden painless loss of all or part of the vision. What disease can you suspect?

conjunctivitis

central retinal artery occlusion

AMD

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

conjunctivitis

central retinal artery occlusion

AMD

A positive Seidl’s test occurs in:

wet macular degeneration

dry eye syndrome

corneal perforation and leakage

Commandes clavier:

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= avant/arrière,

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wet macular degeneration

dry eye syndrome

corneal perforation and leakage

Ectopia lentis may be seen in:

homocystinuria, Marfan’s syndrome, giant cell arteritis

trauma, homocystinuria, Marfan’s syndrome

trauma, giant cell arteritis, Marfan’s syndrome

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

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homocystinuria, Marfan’s syndrome, giant cell arteritis

trauma, homocystinuria, Marfan’s syndrome

trauma, giant cell arteritis, Marfan’s syndrome

Intracranial hypertension can cause:

bilateral optic disc swelling

retinal detachment

scleritis

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

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bilateral optic disc swelling

retinal detachment

scleritis

Exudative retinal detachment is when:

it is pulled off by contracting fibrous tissue on the retinal surface (e.g. as in the proliferative retinopathy of diabetes mellitus)

a tear occurs in the retina, allowing liquified nitrous to gain entry to the subretinal space and causing a progressive detachment

fluid accumulates in the subretinal space as a result of an exudative process, which may occur during toxaemia in pregnancy

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

it is pulled off by contracting fibrous tissue on the retinal surface (e.g. as in the proliferative retinopathy of diabetes mellitus)

a tear occurs in the retina, allowing liquified nitrous to gain entry to the subretinal space and causing a progressive detachment

fluid accumulates in the subretinal space as a result of an exudative process, which may occur during toxaemia in pregnancy

Uveitis is usually treated with

anti-VEGF and vitrectomy

antibiotics

steroids and mydriatics

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

anti-VEGF and vitrectomy

antibiotics

steroids and mydriatics

Eye hit with tennis or squash ball often develops

blow out orbital fracture

central retinal artery occlusion

perforation of the eye ball

Commandes clavier:

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blow out orbital fracture

central retinal artery occlusion

perforation of the eye ball

What is a common cause of excessive tearing and purulent conjunctivitis in toddlers?

nasolacrimal duct stenosis

viral infection

allergy

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

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nasolacrimal duct stenosis

viral infection

allergy

The tear film (20um thick) covers the eternal ocular surface and comprises ... layers

4

2

3

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4

2

3

A surface oil layer produces by the

conjuntivial goblet cells

lacrimal gland

tarsal meibomian glands

conjuntivial goblet cells

lacrimal gland

tarsal meibomian glands

Levator palpebrae superioris muscle is innervated by which nerve?

III

II

VI

III

II

VI

Retinal detachment can be diagnosed with:

ultrasound examination

applanation tonometry

gonioscopy

ultrasound examination

applanation tonometry

gonioscopy

patient presents with redness of the eye, discharge, ocular irritation. It is:

bacterial conjunctivitis

applanation tonometry

gonioscopy

bacterial conjunctivitis

applanation tonometry

gonioscopy

In children the most common orbital tumour is:

neuroblastoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Retinoblastoma

neuroblastoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Retinoblastoma

Ophthalmology 2022

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