PL080 - Principles of Flight PPL(A)

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This flashcard set delves into the principles of flight for private pilots, covering key concepts like aerodynamics, aircraft stability, and control. It explores how factors such as angle of attack, air pressure, and wing design influence flight dynamics, including speed, drag, and lift. The set is particularly useful for aspiring pilots and aviation enthusiasts seeking to understand the fundamental physics behind aircraft maneuverability and performance.

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A graph of the function Cl = f (Cd) for the symmetric profile is:

Symmetrical to the axis of "Cx".

Symmetrical to the axis of "Cl".

Symmetrical towards the center of the coordinate system.

It has no symmetry.

A polar curve.

A polar of glider speed.

A polar of profile.

A polar of wing.

A graph of the function Cl = f (AOA) for a symmetric profile is:

Symmetrical to the center of the coordinate system.

Symmetrical to the 'AOA' axis.

Symmetrical to the Cl axis.

It has no symmetry.

Graphs of which functions for the symetric profile are intersecting the center of the coordinate system?

Cl = f (AOA), Cm = f (AOA).

Cl = f (AOA), Cd = f (AOA).

Cd = f (AOA), Cm = f (AOA).

Cl = f (AOA), Cl = f (Cd).

Graphs of which functions for the symetric profile are intersect center of coordinate system?

Cl = f(AOA), Cl = f(Cd).

Only Cd = f(AOA).

Cl = f(AOA), Cd = f(AOA).

Only Cl = f(Cl).

Dihedral of the wings is used to:

Increase of the lateral stability of the glider.

Increase the max=L/D of a glider.

Improve of lateral maneuverability of a glider.

Reduce of the induced drag of a glider.

The increase in air temperature at a constant altitude causes:

Reduction in air density.

Increase in air density.

Does not change the density and relative humidity.

Increase in relative humidity.

What are the main elements of the resistance aircraft called skin friction dran?

The "resistance form" body of the aircraft and the "frictional resistance of air on the surface of this body.

The viscosity of the air and eddies of emerging resistance to block the vessel.

The "resistance form" solid aircraft, and "induced drag" formed on the surface of a solid board.

"Frictional resistance of air on the solid surface of the aircraft and the" resistance interference ".

The principle of continuity of the movement of air flowing through the tunnel with variable cross-section states that:

If the cross-section of the tunnel grow twice, the air speed decreases twice.

If the cross-section of the tunnel grow twice, the air velocity increases twice.

If the cross-section of the tunnel grow twice, the air velocity decreases fourfold.

If the cross-section of the tunnel grow twice, the air velocity increases fourfold.

Apply of aerodynamic balance of controls is designed to:

Reduce the hinge moment.

Increase the hinge moment.

Balance of control surface in neutral position.

Mass balance of control surface.

The ability to maintain the balance and prevent its changes is called:

The static stability.

The dynamic stability.

The static stability

dynamic steering

Ability to change the steady-state flight under the influence of corresponding rudder deflection is called:

steering

The static stability

The dynamic stability

The stability

The external aerodynamic compensation of control surface takes place by the application of:

An additional control surface before of the control hinge line.

The anti balance tab.

The balance tab.

The flettner.

The phenomenon of aileron reversal that is:

A twisting the wing due to aileron deflection.

The formation of initial vibration.

A buffeting formation.

A coupling of the ailerons.

Reducing of airstream cross- section means:

A drop of static pressure in the stream and speed increase.

Increase of static pressure in the stream and speed drop.

Stagnation of stream velocity.

Increase in streamline of the pressure stream.

An aerodynamic twist of wing is characterized itself by:

Appliance on tips of the wings aerodynamic profiles for which detach of air flow for Stall angle of attack is less intense.

The chords of next air profiles are not in the same plain.

The wings are deflect donward when glider is on the ground.

The wings are deflected upward in the flight.

The geometrical twist of wings is characterized itself by:

profiling geometric chord in subsequent sections do not lie in one line

the wings are bent down when parked glider on the ground

wings are bent upwards in the flight

on the wingtip sections profile are applied where the plane separation is less intense

Increasing the lift on the wing causes a change in the induced drag:

Greater.

Less.

It has no effect on induced drag.

Smaller or greater depending from the speed of flight.

Increasing the angle of attack alpha > alpha cr causes:

Increasing the "Cx" and reducing the "Cz".

"Cx".Increasing the "Cz", and reducing the "Cx".

Increasing the "Cx" and "Cz".

Reducing the "Cx" and "Cz".

What kind of rule is? "In the tunnel by which an air flows a product of cross-sectional area and an air velocity is constant S * v = const"

The Equation of Continuity.

The Bernoulli's principle.

The Bernoulli Principles.

The moment of momentum principle.

What kind of rule is? "In the tunnel by which an air flows, the sum of static and dynamic pressure is constant at every point of the movement"

the Bernouli right B

the principle of movement continuity

the principle of conservation of energy flow

the principle of conservation of closedflow pressure

To describe the movements of aircraft (airplane, helicopter, glider, etc.) in the space system is used three axes. How the vertical axis is marked?

Normal axis. z

Longitudal axis x

Lateral axis. y

On discretion.

To describe the movements of aircraft (airplane, helicopter, glider, etc.) in the space system iaxes xyz is used. How the longitudinal axis is marked?

Longitudal axis. x

Lateral axis. y

Normal axis. z

There is no marking.

To describe the movements of aircraft (airplane, helicopter, glider, etc.) in the space system axes xyz is used. How is the transverse axis marked?

Lateral axis. y

Longitudal axis. x

Normal axis. z

On discretion.

When air flows through the channel of variable cross-sectional area the static pressure changes. How?

Decreases with decreasing cross-sectional area.

Decreases with increasing cross-sectional area.

Does not change at all.

Increases with reducing cross-sectional area.

How does an object behave (aircraft, helicopter, glider, hang-gliding, etc.) dynamically unstable after it has been balanced off?

The object moves, mostly harmonic, with increasing amplitude.

The object moves, the most often harmonic with damped oscilaion.

It remains the position after being balanced off.

It takes the position more distant from the balance position.

How does the object behave (aircraft, helicopter, glider, hang-gliding, etc.) dynamically stable being balanced off?

The object moves, most often harmonic, with damped oscilation.

It maintains the position wich it has reached after being balanced off.

Performing movement, most often harmonic, with divergent oscilation.

Immediately after the termination of the pulse precipitation returns to the balanced position.

How does the harmful drag behaved when increasing air speed?

Increases with the square of speed.

Remains constant.

Decreases proporconalnie to the inverse of speed.

Swinging.

How does the harmful drag behaved when increasing air speed?

The resistance increases with the square of speed.

The resistance remains constant.

The resistance decreases proportionally to the inverse of speed.

The resistance varies.

How will change the centrifugal force with the same speed of flight in the turn if the radious will be decrease itself?

Will increase.

Will decrease.

Remain unchanged.

Will decrease to zero.

How will change the centrifugal force with the same speed of flight in the turn if the radious will be decrease itself?

The centrifugal force increases.

The centrifugal force will decrease.

The centrifugal force will remain unchanged.

The centrifugal force will decrease to zero.

The angle of climb "gamma" on a constant angle of attack "alpha" during growth of altitude:

Remains unchange.

Increases.

Decreases.

Changes and it can be readed by drawing of the glider polar.

Flight takes place on the angle of attack, for which the drag coefficient Cd has the minimum of value: alpha=alpha(Cdmin). In a result of a small increase of angle of attack:

Maximum ratio Cl/Cd will increase.

Maximum ratio Cl/Cd will decrease.

Maximum ratio Cl/Cd will not change.

Maximum ratio Cl/Cd of the airframe will decreases.

Flight takes place on the angle of attack, for which the drag coefficient Cd has the minimum of value: alpha=alpha(Cdmin). In a result of a small increase of angle of attack:

Maximum ratio of airframe Cl/Cd will increase.

Maximum ratio of airframe Cl/Cd will decrease.

Maximum ratio of airframe Cl/Cd will not change.

Maximum ratio Cl/Cd will decrease.

Main type of spin is influenced by the following factors:

Glider's center of gravity, the glider mass-distribution, location and size of the empennage.

Glider's center of gravity, the glider mass-distribution, setting of trim tabs.

Distribution of the glider masses - setting of the trim tabs, location and size of the empennage.

setting of the trim tabs, glider's center of gravity, location and size of the empennage.

To recover of the plane from of skidding during the turn and make the correct turn to do perform:

To increase angle of bank or use rudder to increase of turn radious.

To reduce angle of bank or decrease of turn angle radious.

Increase angle of bank or to increase the angular velocity of the turn.

Reduce the bank or increase the angular velocity of the turn.

To recover of the plane from of the slliping during the turn and make the correct turn to do perform:

To reduce the angle of bank or use rudder to decrease of turn radious.

Increase the pitch of turn.

Increase angular roll or increase the bank.

What is that rule? "In the tunnel through which air flows and cross-product of the air velocity is constant S * v = const

The Equation of Continuity.

Bernouli principle.

The Bernoulli's law.

The principle of conservation of momentum.

What kind is that rule? In the tunnel by which air flows, the product of static and dynamic pressure is constant in each point of airflow.

The Bernoulli's principle.

The Equation of contuity principle.

The principle of conservation of energy flow.

The principle of conservation of closed-flow pressure

Does is between the steering and stability of a flying object (plane, helicopter, glider etc.) some relation to each other?

They operate against to each other.

They coopoperate.

There is no relationship between them.

Stability supported a longitudinal steering.

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PL080 - Principles of Flight PPL(A)

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