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Lipids

Terminology, common features of lipids, fatty acids, glycerides, tryglycerides function, why are tryglycerides stored instead of carbohydrates?, phospholipids, cholesterol as example for sterol, transport of lipids via apolipoproteins

Terminology, common features of lipids, fatty acids, glycerides, tryglycerides function, why are tryglycerides stored instead of carbohydrates?, phospholipids, cholesterol as example for sterol, transport of lipids via apolipoproteins

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This flashcard set covers university-level biology topics related to lipids, focusing on their structure, properties, and functions. It delves into the roles of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids, as well as the differences between saturated and unsaturated fats. The flashcards also explore the synthesis and transportation of lipids, their impact on health, and why the body stores triglycerides over carbohydrates. Ideal for students studying biochemistry or advanced biology, this set provides a comprehensive overview of lipid biology and its implications.
Flashcards
17
Students
1
Language
English
Category
Biology
Level
University
Created / Updated
08.01.2020 / 13.01.2020
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Flashcards

Functions of trilgycerides (5)

Blubber for bouyancy (fat weighs les than muscle)

Insulation

Protector of organs & shock absorber

Energy source

Water source 

 

Why does body store triglycerides rather than carbohydrates (glucose)? (2 reasons)

Triglyceride metabolism yields (wins) more ATP than glucose

Adipose tissue (lipid sotrage) can expand exponentially whereas carbohydrate storage (liver) has finite size

Differences and similarities of diglycerides and phospolipids (number of fatty acid chains, hydrophilic region, hydrophobic region)

Diglycerides: two fatty acid chains, no hydrophilic region, hydrophilic region

Phospholipids: two fatty acid chains, hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions

Phospholipids (twi things that make them useful)

Unsaturated fatty acid chain (kink) makes hydrophobic region flexible

Hydrophilic head keeps the membrane together and protects them from bigger and hydrophobic molecules

Sterols (structure 1, properties 3)

Tetra-ring structure 

Grouped in lipids (same properties)

Non soluble in polar solvents (water)

Soluble in non polar (organic) solvents (ether)

Cholesterol (function (3), properties (2) -> (1))

Hormone synthesis, vitamin d synthesis, structural support in membranes

Extremely hydrophobic and insoluble in polar solvents 

Packed into apolipoprotein (lipid,cholesterol,protein bundle)

 

What happens if you have too much cholesterol? (3)

Heart disease

Atherosclerosis

Inflexible membranes 

HDL (definition, function (2), how much cholesterol do they contain?)

Apolipoprotein (lipids,cholesterol,protein) -> High density of cholesterol

Transportation of fat (cholesterol, phospholipids, triglycerides) & cholesterol from cells to liver for excretion or reuse

LDL (definition, function, how much cholesterol do they contain?)

Apoliopprotein -> Low density of cholesterol

Deliver cholesterol to cells (used witihn membrane and synthesis of steroid hormones)

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