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Microbiology Antomicrobials

UMED wroclaw

UMED wroclaw

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J. F.
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J. F.
This flashcard set covers advanced university-level microbiology, focusing on the mechanisms and activities of various antimicrobials. It delves into how these drugs inhibit protein synthesis, alter ribosomes, and affect bacterial processes like translation, with a particular emphasis on bactericidal and static effects. The set explores the spectrum of activity against gram-positive (GP) and gram-negative (GN) bacteria, including specific examples like streptococci, staphylococci, and E. coli. Medical students and professionals will find this flashcard set invaluable for understanding the intricate details of antimicrobial mechanisms and their clinical applications.
Karten
62
Lernende
9
Sprache
Englisch
Kategorie
Medizin
Stufe
Universität
Erstellt / Aktualisiert
03.06.2018 / 06.02.2020
  • 1  / 62

Lernkarten

Oxytetracycline

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Tetracyclines

General mechanism: resistance is common, bacteriostatic

Spectrum of activity: GP & GN

                       Treat: atypical pneumonia, syphilis, brucellosis, borrelliosis

Doxycycline

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Tetracyclines

General mechanism: resistance is common, bacteriostatic

Spectrum of activity: GP & GN

                       Treat: atypical pneumonia, syphilis, brucellosis, borrelliosis

Minocycline

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Tetracyclines

General mechanism: resistance is common, bacteriostatic

Spectrum of activity: GP & GN

                       Treat: atypical pneumonia, syphilis, brucellosis, borrelliosis

Tigecycline

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Glycylcyclines

General mechanism: active against bacteria resistant to tetracyclines

Spectrum of activity: GP & GN

- GP cocci: staphylococcus, enterococcus, streptococci

- GN GI rods, except proteus

- GN nonfermentative rods

- Obligate anaerobes

Streptomycin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Aminoglycosides

General mechanism: bactericidal except against staphylococcus

Spectrum of activity: GN aerobic bacilli, no activity against anaerobes % GP bacteria, except staphylococcus

Kanamycin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Aminoglycosides

General mechanism: bactericidal except against staphylococcus

Spectrum of activity: GN aerobic bacilli, no activity against anaerobes % GP bacteria, except staphylococcus

Tobramycin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Aminoglycosides

General mechanism: bactericidal except against staphylococcus

Spectrum of activity: GN aerobic bacilli, no activity against anaerobes % GP bacteria, except staphylococcus

Amikacin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Aminoglycosides

General mechanism: bactericidal except against staphylococcus

Spectrum of activity: GN aerobic bacilli, no activity against anaerobes % GP bacteria, except staphylococcus

Gentamicin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Aminoglycosides

General mechanism: bactericidal except against staphylococcus

Spectrum of activity: GN aerobic bacilli, no activity against anaerobes % GP bacteria, except staphylococcus

Spectinomycin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Bacteriostatic

 

active onky against gonococci

Erythromycin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Macroslides

General mechanism: 

Spectrum of activity: Mainly GP cocci (streptococci, staphylococci, campylobacter, helicobacter, borrelia)

Roxithromycin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Macroslides

General mechanism: 

Spectrum of activity: Mainly GP cocci (streptococci, staphylococci, campylobacter, helicobacter, borrelia)

Clarithromycin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Macroslides

General mechanism: 

Spectrum of activity: Mainly GP cocci (streptococci, staphylococci, campylobacter, helicobacter, borrelia)

Azithromycin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Macroslides

General mechanism: 

Spectrum of activity: Mainly GP cocci (streptococci, staphylococci, campylobacter, helicobacter, borrelia)

Telithromycin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Ketoslides

General mechanism:  Derived from Erythromycin

Spectrum of activity: active against bacteria resistant to macroslides

Lincomycin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Lincosamides

General mechanism: 

Spectrum of activity: GP & anaerobes -> given against staphylococcal bone & joint infections

Clindamycin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Lincosamides

General mechanism: 

Spectrum of activity: GP & anaerobes -> given against staphylococcal bone & joint infections

Streptogramins

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group:

General mechanism: Combination of quinupristin & dalfopristin -> synergistic inhibition

Spectrum of activity: GP cocci, modest activity against respiratory pathogens (Moraxella, str. pneumonia, Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydia) % anaerobes

Linezolid

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Oxazolidinones

General mechanism: 

Spectrum of activity: narrow spectrum: GP, some GN (moraxella, pasteurella, bacteroides)

Fusidic acid

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

General mechanism: 

Spectrum of activity: narrow spectrum: staphylococci (bone and joint); anaerobes (B. fragilis, clostridium); moderate against mycobacteria

Mupirocin

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

Group: Mupirocin

General mechanism: <tropical treatment of skin

Spectrum of activity: narrow spectrum: staphylococci, including resistant strains

Chloramphenicol

Inhibition of protein synthesis, alteration of ribosomes & translation, bactericidal or static. depending on dosis

 

General mechanism: Toxic -> fatal aplastic anemia, leukopenia, penetrates CSF -> against meningitis

Spectrum of activity: Broad spectrum: many GP & GN + anaerobes

-GP: streptococci, staphylococci, Enterococci, B. anthracis, Listeria

-GN: H. influenca, moraxella, neisseria, E.coli, proteus mirabilis, salmonella, shigella, stenothrophomonas maltophilia

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