Sozialpsychologie I

Feelings of discontent aroused by the belief that one fares poorly compared with others.

An overestimate of the association between variables that are only slightly or not at all correlated.

The classification of persons into groups on the basis of common attributes.

The theory that hostility between groups is caused by direct competition for limited resources.

A theory that proposes that people are motivated (at least in part) to defend and justify the existing social, political, and economic conditions.

Being persistently stereotyped, perceived as deviant, and devalued in society because of membership in a particular social group or because of a particular characteristic.

Prejudice and discrimination based on a person’s gender, or institutional and cultural practices that promote the domination of one gender over another.

Prejudice and discrimination based on a person’s racial background, or institutional and cultural practices that promote the domination of one racial group over another.

Racism that concerns the ambivalence between fair-minded attitudes and beliefs, on the one hand, and unconscious and unrecognized prejudicial feelings and beliefs, on the other hand.

A form of sexism characterized by attitudes about women that reflect both negative, resentful beliefs and feelings and affectionate and chivalrous but potentially patronizing beliefs and feelings.

A cooperative learning method used to reduce racial prejudice through interaction in group efforts.

A method of presenting stimuli so faintly or rapidly that people do not have any conscious awareness of having been exposed to them.

Groups with which an individual does not feel a sense of membership, belonging, or identity.

The tendency to discriminate in favor of ingroups over outgroups.

A model proposing that the relative status and competition between groups influence group stereotypes along the dimensions of competence and warmth.

A shared goal that can be achieved only through cooperation among individuals or groups.

A desire to see one’s ingroup as dominant over other groups and a willingness to adopt cultural values that facilitate oppression over other groups.

The theory that direct contact between hostile groups will reduce intergroup prejudice under certain conditions.

The theory that small gender differences are magnified in perception by the contrasting social roles occupied by men and women.

The theory that people favor ingroups over outgroups in order to enhance their self-esteem.

An interdisciplinary subfield that focuses on how psychology—particularly social and cognitive psychology—relates to economic decision making.

The scientific study of how individuals think, feel, and behave in a social context.

Research designed to compare and contrast people of different cultures.

A subfield of psychology that examines the role of genetic factors in behavior.

An emphasis on how both an individual’s personality and environmental characteristics influence behavior.

A system of enduring meanings, beliefs, values, assumptions, institutions, and practices shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next.

The study of how people perceive, remember, and interpret information about themselves and others.

The study of the relationship between neural and social processes.

An interdisciplinary subfield that examines the close links between our minds and the positioning, experiences, and actions of our bodies.

A subfield of psychology that uses the principles of evolution to understand human social behavior.

In the context of research, a method that provides false information to participants.

The degree to which the experimental situation resembles places and events in the real world.

Accomplice of an experimenter who, in dealing with the real participants in an experiment, acts as if he or she is also a participant.

The extent to which the measures used in a study measure the variables they were designed to measure and the manipulations in an experiment manipulate the variables they were designed to manipulate.

The degree to which experimental procedures are involving to participants and lead them to behave naturally and spontaneously.

A method of selecting participants for a study so that everyone in a population has an equal chance of being in the study.

In an experiment, a factor that experimenters measure to see if it is affected by the independent variable.

A testable prediction about the conditions under which an event will occur.

The specific procedures for manipulating or measuring a conceptual variable.