International Marketing 4
Und Nummer 4
Und Nummer 4
Three options for standardizing local brand names
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Reasons for standardizing and for differentiating
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The need to differentiate products, brands, and communication mainly depends on the difference of customer preferences
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The challange in managing differentiation is to combine product differentiation with production standardization
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Three production strategies to achieve economies of scale
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Managing international prices - A mind map
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International Pricing ApproachesPicture
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Benefits and dangers of international price differentiation
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Key danger: If price differences are too high, arbitrage becomes possible
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Strategies for dealing with arbitrage buying
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Reasons for standardizing and for differentiating prices
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The need to standardice prices mainly depends if the countries interdependence
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A systematic process to develop an international price corridor
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Managing price escalation
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Strategies for varying currency conditions
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Why using transfer pricing
- Reduction of taxes
- Reduction of Tariffs
- Increase comptetitivness of certain foreign markets
- Minimization of foreign exchange risks
- Minimization of political risks
- Management of cash flows
Alternative transfer pricing policies
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Cartes-fiches
Three options for standardizing local brand names
Picture
Reasons for standardizing and for differentiating
Picture
The need to differentiate products, brands, and communication mainly depends on the difference of customer preferences
Picture
The challange in managing differentiation is to combine product differentiation with production standardization
Picture
Three production strategies to achieve economies of scale
Picture
Managing international prices - A mind map
Picture
International Pricing ApproachesPicture
Picture
Benefits and dangers of international price differentiation
Picture
Key danger: If price differences are too high, arbitrage becomes possible
Picture
Strategies for dealing with arbitrage buying
Picture
Reasons for standardizing and for differentiating prices
Picture
The need to standardice prices mainly depends if the countries interdependence
Picture
A systematic process to develop an international price corridor
Picture
Managing price escalation
Picture
Strategies for varying currency conditions
Picture
Why using transfer pricing
- Reduction of taxes
- Reduction of Tariffs
- Increase comptetitivness of certain foreign markets
- Minimization of foreign exchange risks
- Minimization of political risks
- Management of cash flows
Alternative transfer pricing policies
Picture
