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08.02.2025 / 08.02.2025

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What is the Python code to calculate the median?

housing_df.VARIABLE.median()

What is the Python code to calculate the arithmetic mean?

housing_df.VARIABLE.mean()

Rename all column names in Python so that the spaces contained are replaced by _.

housing_df.columns = [s.strip().replace(" ", "_") for s in housing_df.columns]

What is the Python code to load a dataset and assign a name for the dataframe in pandas?

dataframename_df = pd.read_csv("dataset.csv", keep_default_na=False)

What is the Python code for frequency tables?

pd.crosstab(housing_df["CHAS"], housing_df["CAT_MEDV"])

What is the Python code of a line chart using matplotlib?

sns.lineplot(x="Date", y="Ridership", data=trains_df)

What is the Python code for a bar chart representing the median using seaborn?

from numpy import median sns.barplot(x="CHAS", y="MEDV", data=housing_df, estimator=median)

What is the Python code for a bar chart representing the arithmetic mean using seaborn?

from numpy import mean sns.barplot(x="CHAS", y="MEDV", data=housing_df, estimator=mean)

What is the Python code for a bar chart using seaborn?

sns.countplot(x="CHAS", data=housing_df)

What is the Python code for a histogram using seaborn?

sns.histplot(data=housing_df, x="MEDV")

What is the histogram useful for?

Visualization of the distribution of a continuous variable.

What is the Python code for grouped boxplots using seaborn?

sns.boxplot(y=housing_df["MEDV"], x=housing_df["CHAS"], whis=[0,100])

What is the Python code for boxplots using seaborn?

sns.boxplot(y=housing_df["MEDV"], whis=[0,100])

What is the Python code for the correlation matrix?

housing_df.corr().round(2)

What is the Python code for the scatter plot matrix in Python using seaborn?

sns.pairplot(housing_df[['CRIM', 'INDUS', 'LSTAT', 'MEDV']])

What is the code of rescale in Python?

res_bed = (housing_df["BEDROOMS"] - housing_df["BEDROOMS"].min()) / (housing_df["BEDROOMS"].max() - housing_df["BEDROOMS"].min()) res_bed.describe()

What is the code of standardisation in Python?

norm_df = (housing_df - housing_df.mean()) / housing_df.std() norm_df.describe()

What is the code to show the first 5 lines of the dataset?

housing_df.head()

What is the code to show the dimension of the dataset?

housing_df.shape

What is the code for descriptive analysis of the dataset housing?

housing_df.describe()

What is the Python code to generate a lift chart?

Tastatur-Befehle:

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import kds as kds

kds.metrics.plot_lift(valid_y, predict_valid)

What is the Python code to make a confusion matrix?

Tastatur-Befehle:

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predict_valid = logit_reg.predict(valid_X) cm2 = confusion_matrix(valid_y, predict_valid)

ConfusionMatrixDisplay(cm2).plot()

What is the Python code to evaluate the predictive performance of a model? Train the model on a training dataset (60%) and then check the performance with a validation dataset (40%)

Tastatur-Befehle:

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X = banking_df[["Income", "Family", "CCAvg", "Education", "Age"]] X = pd.get_dummies(X, prefix_sep="_", drop_first=True) Y = banking_df["has_mortgage"]# Data partitioningtrain_X, valid_X, train_y, valid_y = train_test_split(X, Y, test_size=0.4, random_state=10)# Logistic Regression logit_reg = LogisticRegression(solver="liblinear")logit_reg.fit(train_X, train_y)

What is the Python code to add explanatory variables and estimate it again?

Tastatur-Befehle:

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X_full = banking_df[["Income", "Family", "CCAvg", "Education", "Age"]] X_full = pd.get_dummies(X_full, prefix_sep="_", drop_first=True)

X_full = X_full.astype(float) # Make sure that all columns have numerical data types

Y_full = banking_df["has_mortgage"] X_full = sm.add_constant

(X_full)logit_full_mod = sm.Logit(Y_full, X_full)

logit_full_mod_res = logit_full_mod.fit()print(logit_full_mod_res.summary())

What is the Python code to estimate a logit model: log(odds(has.mortgage = 1| income) = ß0 + ß1 * income?

Tastatur-Befehle:

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X_simple = banking_df["Income"]

Y_simple = banking_df["has_mortgage"]

X_simple = sm.add_constant

(X_simple)logit_simple_mod = sm.Logit

(Y_simple, X_simple)logit_simple_mod_res = logit_simple_mod.fit()print(logit_simple_mod_res.summary())

What is the Python code to generate a new variable that takes the value 0 when Mortgage has the value 0 and takes the value 1 in all other cases?

Tastatur-Befehle:

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banking_df["has_mortgage"] = [0 if x == 0 else 1 for x in banking_df["Mortgage"]]

banking_df.head()

What is the Python code to convert a variable into a categorical variable?

Tastatur-Befehle:

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banking_df["Education"].value_counts().sort_index()

banking_df["Education"] = banking_df["Education"].map({1: "Undergrad", 2: "Graduate", 3: "Advanced/Professional"})

banking_df.head()

What is the Python code to replace the spaces in all variable names with underscores _?

Tastatur-Befehle:

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banking_df.columns = [s.strip().replace(" ", "_") for s in banking_df.columns] banking_df.head()

What is the Python code to show the regression statistics of validation data?

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print('Performance Measures (Validation data)') regressionSummary(valid_y, toyota_ml.predict(valid_X))

What is the Python code to show the regression statistics of training data?

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print('Performance Measures (Training data)') regressionSummary(train_y, toyota_ml.predict(train_X))

What is the Python code for regression statistics?

# Fuel_Type transform in Dummies

X = toyota_df[['Fuel_Type', 'HP']]

y = toyota_df[['Price']]# Transform Fuel_Type in dummies

X = pd.get_dummies(X, drop_first=True)# Split the datatrain_X, valid_X, train_y,

valid_y = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.4)# Model

fittingtoyota_ml = LinearRegression()toyota_ml.fit(train_X, train_y)

What is the Python code for an OLS Regression to appreciate the influence of a variable based on another variable?

modg_X = toyota_df[['Fuel_Type']

]modg_X = pd.get_dummies(modg_X, drop_first=True)

modg_X = sm.add_constant(modg_X)

modg_X = modg_X.astype(float) # Make sure that all columns have numerical values# Model estimation and results

modg = sm.OLS(toyota_df['Price'], modg_X)res = modg.fit()print(res.summary())

What is the Python code to visualize the relationship between the selling price and the type of fuel in a stripplot?

with pd.option_context('mode.use_inf_as_na', True): sns.set(rc={'figure.figsize':(10,8), "figure.dpi":300,})

sns.set_theme(style="whitegrid")sns.stripplot(x="Fuel_Type", y="Price", data=toyota_df)

What is the Python code to visualize the relationship between the selling price and the type of fuel in a swarmplot?

with pd.option_context('mode.use_inf_as_na', True): sns.set(rc={'figure.figsize':(13,5), "figure.dpi":300,})

sns.set_theme(style="whitegrid")sns.swarmplot(x="Fuel_Type", y="Price", data=toyota_df, size=4)

What is the Python code to visualize the relationship between the selling price and the type of fuel in a boxplot?

sns.boxplot(x="Fuel_Type", y="Price", data=toyota_df, whis=100)

What is the Python code to calculate the arithmetic mean of a variable price for each category of another variable?

toyota_df.groupby('Fuel_Type').Price.mean()

What is the Python code for a frequency table of a variable (Fuel_Type)?

toyota_df.Fuel_Type.value_counts() banking_df.Mortgage.value_counts().sort_index()

What is the Python code to show two variables of a table?

toyota_df[["Fuel_Type", "Price"]]

What is the Python code for reading data with the encoding ISO-8859-1?

toyota_df = pd.read_csv('ToyotaCorolla.csv', encoding="ISO-8859-1") toyota_df.head()

Python code: Relationship between cut-off value and error rate and accuracy in a common plot?

ax = summary.plot(x="Cutoff", y="Accuracy", legend=False)

ax2 = ax.twinx() summary.plot(x="Cutoff", y="Error rate",

ax=ax2, legend=True, color="r")

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What is the Python code to rescale two variables to the interval [0,1]?

Res_df = (Data_a - Data_a.min()) / (Data_a.max() - Data_a.min())

What is the Python code to standardize two variables?

Data_a = pd.DataFrame({"Age": [10,20,30], "Income": [30,40,50]})norm_df = (Data_a - Data_a.mean()) / Data_a.std()

What is the Python code to read the data from a table?

Data_a = pd.DataFrame({"Age": [10,20,30], "Income": [30,40,50]})

What is the Python code to oversample houses with more than 12 rooms?

weights = [0.9 if rooms > 12 else 0.01 for rooms in housing_df.ROOMS]

Sample_2 = housing_df.sample(10, weights=weights, random_state=1)

Sample_2

What is the Python code to draw a random sample of 10 houses from the dataset?

Sample_1 = housing_df.sample(10, random_state=1) Sample_1

What is the Python code to calculate the median?

housing_df.VARIABLE.median()

What is the Python code to calculate the arithmetic mean?

housing_df.VARIABLE.mean()

Rename all column names in Python so that the spaces contained are replaced by _.

housing_df.columns = [s.strip().replace(" ", "_") for s in housing_df.columns]

What is the Python code to load a dataset and assign a name for the dataframe in pandas?

dataframename_df = pd.read_csv("dataset.csv", keep_default_na=False)

What is the Python code for frequency tables?

pd.crosstab(housing_df["CHAS"], housing_df["CAT_MEDV"])

What is the Python code of a line chart using matplotlib?

sns.lineplot(x="Date", y="Ridership", data=trains_df)

What is the Python code for a bar chart representing the median using seaborn?

from numpy import median sns.barplot(x="CHAS", y="MEDV", data=housing_df, estimator=median)

What is the Python code for a bar chart representing the arithmetic mean using seaborn?

from numpy import mean sns.barplot(x="CHAS", y="MEDV", data=housing_df, estimator=mean)

What is the Python code for a bar chart using seaborn?

sns.countplot(x="CHAS", data=housing_df)

What is the Python code for a histogram using seaborn?

sns.histplot(data=housing_df, x="MEDV")

What is the histogram useful for?

Visualization of the distribution of a continuous variable.

What is the Python code for grouped boxplots using seaborn?

sns.boxplot(y=housing_df["MEDV"], x=housing_df["CHAS"], whis=[0,100])

What is the Python code for boxplots using seaborn?

sns.boxplot(y=housing_df["MEDV"], whis=[0,100])

What is the Python code for the correlation matrix?

housing_df.corr().round(2)

What is the Python code for the scatter plot matrix in Python using seaborn?

sns.pairplot(housing_df[['CRIM', 'INDUS', 'LSTAT', 'MEDV']])

What is the code of rescale in Python?

res_bed = (housing_df["BEDROOMS"] - housing_df["BEDROOMS"].min()) / (housing_df["BEDROOMS"].max() - housing_df["BEDROOMS"].min()) res_bed.describe()

What is the code of standardisation in Python?

norm_df = (housing_df - housing_df.mean()) / housing_df.std() norm_df.describe()

What is the code to show the first 5 lines of the dataset?

housing_df.head()

What is the code to show the dimension of the dataset?

housing_df.shape

What is the code for descriptive analysis of the dataset housing?

housing_df.describe()

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