05_P & B - Chapter 06
Lecture 6
Lecture 6
Kartei Details
| Karten | 42 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | English |
| Kategorie | Psychologie |
| Stufe | Universität |
| Erstellt / Aktualisiert | 23.01.2022 / 23.01.2022 |
| Lizenzierung | Keine Angabe |
| Weblink |
https://card2brain.ch/box/20220123_05p_b_chapter_06
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Which two oportunities exist to influence decision-making and behavior?
Decision-making and behavior can be influenced by …
- Changing attitudes and changing the decision-making process (focus on the decision-maker)
- Designing the decision-making environment (focus on contextual cues = choice architecture)
Choice architecture:
Examines how decisions can be influenced by designing decision-making environment
What are nudges?
Choice architecture uses tools to influence decision making. These tools are sometimes called nudges.
- Nudges are ways of influencing choice without limiting the choice set or making alternatives appreciably more costly in terms of time, trouble, social sanctions, and so forth. They are called for because of flaws in individual decision-making, and they work by making use of those flaws.
- A nudge is any attempt at influencing behavior in a predictable way
without forbidding any previously available courses of actions or making
alternatives appreciably more costly in terms of time, trouble, social
sanctions, and so forth.
Important to know about enviorments with regards to choice architecture
There is no neutral decision-making environment: you cannot not influence ->
One is not forced to make a decision a certain way or to display a certain behavior but
by designing the decision-making environment, a nudge is given into a specific
direction
Is applied in all areas of life where decisions are made:
Conscious application of the principles of choice architecture in product design, marketing and politics (e.g. placement of stairs and elevator at FHNW in Olten)
On what is choice architecture based in individual decision-making?
on mistakes/bugs in the decison making process -> Humans frequently decide irrationally and not in their best interest:
Humans struggle to judge risk correctly
-> e.g. Overestimate risks (e.g. buying insurance that is not really useful)
-> we protect us not against risks we should (vaccination against covid)Humans struggle to pass on short-term utility for long-term utility -> Saving or not saving money / invest money that it multiple
Humans avoid complex decisions and stick to status quo -> they cannot decide -> e.g. saving plan for retirement
-> Choice architecture can help us to find the best choice for ourselfes
